p-Nitroaniline revisited

1,2-Dicyanobenzene. A Precursor of Phthalocyanines

“…The mean aromatic C---C bond length of 1.377/~ is comparable to analo~gous mean distances found in the 1,4-isomer (1.388A; Driick & Littke, 1978) and in 1,2,4,5-tetracyanobenzene [1.401 (8)/~; Prout & Tickle, 1978]. The ~N bond length of 1.149 (8)/~ is typical of cyano groups and comparable to C--N distances found in various cyano derivatives (Britton, 1981a, b;Casado, Nygaard & Sorensen, 1971;Colapietro, Domenicano, Marciante & Portalone, 1981). The C---CN distance of 1.430 (7).…”

Structural studies of benzene derivatives. X. Refinement of the structure of p-chlorobenzoic acid

“…'s of the bond lengths and angles of the C skeleton equal to 0.007,/~ and 0.3-0.5 °, respectively. Differences as * Part IX: Colapietro, Domenicano, Marciante & Portalone (1981). large as 0.028/~ and 1.1 o occurred, however, between parameters expected to be chemically equivalent in a para-disubstituted benzene derivative.…”

Structural studies of benzene derivatives. VII. Refinement of the crystal structure of p-dinitrobenzene

“…Although the accuracy of some of the analyses is not very high, there is little doubt that the nature and electronic properties of the substituent have a definite effect on aNo 2 in the para-substituted derivatives of nitrobenzene, as they have on acooH in the para-substituted derivatives of benzoic acid Colapietro, Domenicano & Marciante, 1978). This finding supports the observation (Domenicano & Vaciago, 1976;Norrestam & Schepper, 1978) that the effect of a substituent on the internal angles of the benzene ring is not generally limited to a and fl, but may extend to y and fi as well (Fig.…”