“…Floral asymmetry is characteristic for some larger clades of Fabaceae, such as Senna and Chamaecrista in caesalpinioids, in which the flowers are more or less open but corolla, androecium and gynoecium (enantiostyly) can be involved in asymmetry (Tucker, 1996;Gottsberger & Silberbauer-Gottsberger, 1988;Marazzi et al, 2006Marazzi et al, , 2007Marazzi & Endress, 2008), and Delonix, in which the androecium base with the access to the nectar is asymmetric (Troll, 1951;Endress, 1994); in Papilionoideae the flowers of Phaseoleae are largely asymmetric by sometimes extensive torsion of the keel (Troll, 1951;Brizuela et al, 1993;Endress, 1994;Etcheverry et al, 2008), or in certain Vicieae the keel is asymmetric without torsion (the asymmetry arising late in development), as in Lathyrus species (Teppner, 1988;Westerkamp, 1993;Prenner, 2003) and Ottleya (Ottley, 1944;Sokoloff, 1999;Sokoloff et al, 2007); asymmetry in the androecium is present in early development of Fig. 6 Occurrence of different floral asymmetry patterns across angiosperms (cladogram from APG, 2003, with change of "Nymphaeaceae" to "Nymphaeales", to include Hydatellaceae, according to Saarela et al, 2007).…”