<i>Nothophytophthora</i> gen. nov., a new sister genus of <i> Phytophthora</i> from natural and semi-natural ecosystems

Jung, Thomas S.; Scanu, Bruno; Bakonyi, J.; Seress, Diána; Kovács, Gábor M.; Durán, Álvaro; Sanfuentes, Eugenio; Schena, Leonardo; Mosca, Saveria; Thu, Phạm Quang; Nguyen, Cathleen; Fajardo, Sebastian; González, Mariela; Pérez‐Sierra, A.; Rees, Harvey; Cravador, A.; Maia, Cristiana; Jung, Marília Horta

doi:10.3767/persoonia.2017.39.07

Cited by 31 publications

(72 citation statements)

References 108 publications

(180 reference statements)

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“…DNA extraction and amplification were performed according to Jung, Scanu et al. () using primer pairs ITS1/ITS4 (White, Bruns, Lee, & Taylor, ) for the internal transcribed spacer (ITS1‐5.8S‐ITS2) region, LR0R/LR6‐O or LR0R/LR6 (Moncalvo, Wang, & Hseu, ; Riethmüller, Weiß, & Oberwinkler, ) for the 5′ terminal domain of the large subunit (LSU) of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (nrDNA), and primer‐pairs FM80RC/FM85 (Martin & Tooley, ) and COXF4N/COXR4N (Kroon, Bakker, van den Bosch, Bonants, & Flier, ) for the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 ( cox1 ). ITS was sequenced for all isolates while cox1 was sequenced for all isolates from new species and a representative set of isolates from known species of Phytophthora .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Phytophthora species in Valdivian rainforests and association with severe dieback symptoms

Jung

Durán²,

Sanfuentes

et al. 2018

Forest Pathology

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The Valdivian rainforest, one of the global hotspots of biodiversity, is a temperate rainforest originating as a Tertiary relic from the supercontinent Gondwana. In November 2014, a survey of Phytophthora diversity was performed in 13 natural forest stands and 20 forest streams and rivers in two protected areas near Valdivia and in a temperate montane forest in the Concepción area. One planted stand each of the introduced tree species Castanea sativa and Fagus sylvatica were also included. Using baiting assays, eight described species and four previously unknown taxa of Phytophthora were isolated from 86% of the 50 rhizosphere soil samples from seven of the eight tree species sampled in 12 forest stands, and from 20 streams: P. chlamydospora, P. cinnamomi, P. kernoviae, P. lacustris, P. plurivora, P. pseudosyringae, P. ×cambivora, P. ×stagnum, P. valdiviana nom. prov. from Clade 2b, P. madida nom. prov. from Clade 8a, and P. chilensis nom. prov. and P. pseudokernoviae nom. prov. The latter two species are the closest relatives of P. kernoviae from Clade 10. Phytophthora pseudokernoviae nom. prov. was also isolated from necrotic leaves of Drimys winteri. From the Valdivia river, a swarm of three Clade 6 hybrids was recovered. Each hybrid isolate resulted from multiple reticulation events with P. thermophila as maternal and both P. amnicola and P. chlamydospora as paternal parents. In addition, three previously unknown and recently described Nothophytophthora species, N. caduca, N. chlamydospora and N. valdiviana, were isolated from several forest streams. Phytophthora cinnamomi, the most common and widespread species in soils of native forests, was associated with severe dieback of Valdivian rainforest trees, in particular D. winteri, Luma apiculata, Nothofagus dombeyi and the endangered Saxegothaea conspicua. A first pathogenicity test demonstrated high aggressiveness of P. cinnamomi to several native tree species, including N. dombeyi, Blepharocalyx cruckshanksii and Gevuina avellana.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of Phytophthora species in Valdivian rainforests and association with severe dieback symptoms

Jung

Durán²,

Sanfuentes

et al. 2018

Forest Pathology

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“…versiformis-like, and representative species from all phylogenetic Phytophthora clades were included in the analyses. The designated ex-type isolate (CBS 142348) of Nothophytophthora amphigynosa , the type species of a new sister genus of Phytophthora (Jung et al 2017c) was used as outgroup taxon in all analyses. The datasets of the five loci were first analysed separately and then combined.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiple new cryptic pathogenic Phytophthora species from Fagaceae forests in Austria, Italy and Portugal

Jung

Cacciola

et al. 2017

IMA Fungus

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During surveys of Phytophthora diversity in natural and semi-natural Fagaceae forests in Austria, Italy and Portugal, four new cryptic species were isolated from rhizosphere soil samples. Multigene phylogeny based on nuclear ITS, ß-tubulin and HSP90 and mitochondrial cox1 and NADH1 gene sequences demonstrated that two species, P. tyrrhenica and P. vulcanica spp. nov., belong to phylogenetic Clade 7a, while the other two species, P. castanetorum and P. tubulina spp. nov., clustered together with P. quercina forming a new clade, named here as Clade 12. All four new species are homothallic and have low optimum and maximum temperatures for growth and very slow growth rates at their respective optimum temperature. They differed from each other and from related species by a unique combination of morphological characters, cardinal temperatures, and growth rates. Pathogenicity of all Phytophthora species to the root system of their respective host species was demonstrated in soil infestation trials.

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“…Preliminary identification of each isolate was performed using DNA sequences of ITS‐1 and ITS‐4 (White et al ., as described in Jung et al . (). For genome sequencing, DNA was extracted from mycelium using a GeneJET DNA purification kit (Thermo Fisher), and its quality was assessed using a Qubit fluorometer (Thermo Fisher, Waltham, MA, USA.)…”

Section: Isolates Used In This Study and Summary Statistics For Genommentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Here, we report the first genome sequences for isolates of P. kernoviae from Chile (Table ), the only other geographical location in which this species has been reported so far. Furthermore, we present the genome sequences of two unidentified isolates that belong to the Phytophthora internal transcribed spacer (ITS) clade 10 (Cooke et al , ), and report the first genome sequence for a member of Nothophytophthora , a newly described sister genus to Phytophthora (Jung et al , ). This Nothophytophthora isolate was collected from infected Eucalyptus nitens foliage, indicating the pathogenic potential for this genus, revealing a hitherto unrecognized potential threat to forest trees.…”

Section: Isolates Used In This Study and Summary Statistics For Genommentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome sequencing of oomycete isolates from Chile supports the New Zealand origin of Phytophthora kernoviae and makes available the first Nothophytophthora sp. genome

Studholme

Panda

Sanfuentes

et al. 2018

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Summary Genome sequences were generated for six oomycete isolates collected from forests in Valdivia, Chile. Three of the isolates were identified morphologically as Phytophthora kernoviae , whereas two were similar to other clade 10 Phytophthora species. One isolate was tentatively identified as Nothophytophthora valdiviana based on nucleotide sequence similarity in the cytochrome oxidase 1 gene. This is the first genome sequence for this recently described genus. The genome assembly was more fragmented and contained many duplicated genes when compared with the other Phytophthora sequences. Comparative analyses were performed with genomic sequences of the P. kernoviae isolates from the UK and New Zealand. Although the potential New Zealand origin of P. kernoviae has been suggested, new isolations from Chile had cast doubt on this hypothesis. We present evidence supporting P. kernoviae as having originated in New Zealand. However, investigation of the diversity of oomycete species in Chile has been limited and warrants further exploration. We demonstrate the expediency of genomic analyses in determining phylogenetic relationships between isolates within new and often scantly represented taxonomic groups, such as Phytophthora clade 10 and Nothophytophthora . Data are available on GenBank via BioProject accession number PRJNA352331.

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Nothophytophthora gen. nov., a new sister genus of Phytophthora from natural and semi-natural ecosystems

Cited by 31 publications

References 108 publications

Diversity of Phytophthora species in Valdivian rainforests and association with severe dieback symptoms

Diversity of Phytophthora species in Valdivian rainforests and association with severe dieback symptoms

Multiple new cryptic pathogenic Phytophthora species from Fagaceae forests in Austria, Italy and Portugal

Genome sequencing of oomycete isolates from Chile supports the New Zealand origin of Phytophthora kernoviae and makes available the first Nothophytophthora sp. genome

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