<i>Notes From the Field:</i> Prevalence of Previous Dengue Virus Infection Among Children and Adolescents — U.S. Virgin Islands, 2022

Mac, Valerie; Wong, Joshua M.; Volkman, Hannah R.; Pérez-Padilla, Janice; Wakeman, Brian S.; Delorey, Mark J.; Biggerstaff, Brad J.; Fagre, Anna C.; Gumbs, Annellie; Drummond, Aubrey; Zimmerman, Brenae; Lettsome, Briana; Medina, Freddy A.; Paz–Bailey, Gabriela; Lawrence, Marlon G.; Ellis, Brett R.; Rosenblum, Hannah G.; Carroll, Jamaal; Roth, Joseph; Rossington, Janelle; Meeker, Jessica; Joseph, Joy; Janssen, Julia; Ekpo, Lisa LaPlace; Carrillo, Monifa; Hernandez, Niurka; Charles, Patricia; Tosado, Rafael; Soto, Raymond; Battle, Shanice; Bart, Stephen M.; Wanga, Valentine; Valentin, Wilfredo; Powell, Winifred; Battiste, Zula; Ellis, Esther M.; Adams, Laura

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7211a4

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Although a dengue vaccine is recommended for routine use in children and adolescents aged 9–16 years with laboratory-confirmed previous DENV infection who live in areas of the United States where dengue is endemic ( 7 , 8 ), vaccination is not recommended for travelers. ¶¶¶¶ Dengue and other vectorborne diseases such as Zika and malaria ***** can be prevented while traveling by taking measures to prevent mosquito bites, ††††† including using Environmental Protection Agency–registered insect repellent, wearing protective clothing, §§§§§ and staying in lodging that has air conditioning or window screens.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…and understand its signs and symptoms, appropriate testing, and disease management**** for two reasons: 1) early recognition of dengue and prompt intravenous fluid management, when indicated, reduces mortality to <1%, whereas untreated dengue can have a case-fatality ratio as high as 13% (1) and 5) 38 (7) to strengthen surveillance for dengue and consider ways to increase the identification and reporting of type. § § § § Because persons build immunity against each specific DENV type, surveillance that can reliably detect the introduction of new types will guide epidemic risk potential and the impact of vaccine and vector control interventions in areas where dengue is endemic.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although a dengue vaccine is recommended for routine use in children and adolescents aged 9-16 years with laboratoryconfirmed previous DENV infection who live in areas of the United States where dengue is endemic (7,8), vaccination is not recommended for travelers. ¶ ¶ ¶ ¶ Dengue and other vectorborne diseases such as Zika and malaria***** can be prevented while Dengue cases per million international air trips Year Asia Caribbean Central America Other (Africa, Oceania, and South America)…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Travel-Associated Dengue Cases — United States, 2010–2021

Wong,

Rivera,

Volkman

et al. 2023

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Travel-Associated Dengue Cases — United States, 2010–2021

Wong,

Rivera,

Volkman

et al. 2023

MMWR Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep.

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…More recently, CDC’s updated traveler risk classifications re-categorized US Virgin Islands from “Sporadic/Uncertain” to “Frequent/Continuous” [42]. Additionally, a cross-sectional seroprevalence study conducted in US Virgin Island schools in April 2022 estimated a seroprevalence of 42% (95% CI: 26–60%) and 54% (95% CI: 18–89%) among 10 and 13 year-olds respectively [43], while our model estimated a seroprevalence of 34% (95% CI: 18–54%) and 41% (95% CI: 26–61%) in 7 and 13 year-olds for 2019, 3 years prior. No major outbreak has been reported in the US Virgin Islands between 2019 and 2022.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Age-specific case data reveal varying dengue transmission intensity in US states and territories

Kada¹,

Paz–Bailey

Adams

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Dengue viruses (DENV) are endemic in the US territories of Puerto Rico, American Samoa, and the US Virgin Islands, with focal outbreaks also reported in the states of Florida and Hawaii. However, little is known about the intensity of dengue virus transmission over time and how dengue viruses have shaped the level of immunity in these populations, despite the importance of understanding how and why levels of immunity against dengue may change over time. These changes need to be considered when responding to future outbreaks and enacting dengue management strategies, such as guiding vaccine deployment. We used catalytic models fitted to case surveillance data stratified by age from the ArboNET national arboviral surveillance system to reconstruct the history of recent dengue virus transmission in Puerto Rico, American Samoa, US Virgin Islands, Florida, Hawaii, and Guam. We estimated average annual transmission intensity (i.e., force of infection) of DENV between 2010 and 2019 and the level of seroprevalence by age group in each population. We compared models and found that treating all reported cases as secondary infections generally fit the surveillance data better than models considering cases as primary infections. Using the secondary case model, we found that force of infection was highly heterogeneous between jurisdictions and over time within jurisdictions, ranging from 0.00003 (95% CI: 0.00002–0.0004) in Florida to 0.08 (95% CI: 0.044–0.14) in American Samoa during the 2010–2019 period. For early 2020, we estimated that seropositivity in 10 year-olds ranged from 0.09% (0.02%–0.54%) in Florida to 56.3% (43.7%–69.3%) in American Samoa. In the absence of serological data, age-specific case notification data collected through routine surveillance combined with mathematical modeling are powerful tools to monitor arbovirus circulation, estimate the level of population immunity, and design dengue management strategies.

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