<i>Notes from the Field</i>: Increase in Coccidioidomycosis — California, 2016

Cooksey, Gail Sondermeyer; Nguyen, Alyssa; Knutson, Kirsten; Tabnak, Farzaneh; Benedict, Kaitlin; McCotter, Orion; Jain, Seema; Vugia, Duc J.

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm6631a4

Cited by 51 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 4 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Steady increases in reported VF have been observed in the United States as regular reporting began in the 1990s [96,97]. In general, reported VF cases are highest in specific regions, primarily southern Arizona and the Central Valley of California.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The mysterious desert dwellers:Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii, causative fungal agents of coccidioidomycosis

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The genus Coccidioides consists of two species: C. immitis and C. posadasii . Prior to 2000, all disease was thought to be caused by a single species, C. immitis . The organism grows in arid to semiarid alkaline soils throughout western North America and into Central and South America. Regions in the United States, with highest prevalence of disease, include California, Arizona, and Texas. The Mexican states of Baja California, Coahuila, Sonora, and Neuvo Leon currently have the highest skin test positive results. Central America contains isolated endemic areas in Guatemala and Honduras. South America has isolated regions of high endemicity including areas of Colombia, Venezuela, Argentina, Paraguay, and Brazil. Although approximately 15,000 cases per year are reported in the United States, actual disease burden is estimated to be in the hundreds of thousands, as only California and Arizona have dedicated public health outreach, and report and track disease reliably. In this review, we survey genomics, epidemiology, ecology, and summarize aspects of disease, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment.

show abstract

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

The mysterious desert dwellers:Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii, causative fungal agents of coccidioidomycosis

2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Wet winters seem to correlate with larger numbers of infections in subsequent months [23]. In addition, there has been an overall trend toward an increased number of symptomatic infections over the past 10 years [23,24]. Although the reasons for this increase in incidence are not completely established, in Arizona there are more susceptible people (including older people) moving from non-endemic areas to endemic areas, which is one possible explanation.…”

Section: Epidemiologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Coccidioides immitis and posadasii; A review of their biology, genomics, pathogenesis, and host immunity

Kirkland

Fierer

2018

Virulence

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Coccidioides immitis and C. posadasii are two highly pathogenic dimorphic fungal species that are endemic in the arid areas of the new world, including the region from west Texas to southern and central California in the USA that cause coccidioidomycosis (also known as Valley Fever). In highly endemic regions such as southern Arizona, up to 50% of long term residents have been infected. New information about fungal population genetics, ecology, epidemiology, and host-pathogen interactions is becoming available. However, our understanding of some aspects of coccidioidomycosis is still incomplete, including the extent of genetic variability of the fungus, the genes involved in virulence, and how the changes in gene expression during the organism’s dimorphic life cycle are related to the transformation from a free-living mold to a parasitic spherule. Unfortunately, efforts to develop an effective subunit vaccine have not yet been productive, although two potential live fungus vaccines have been developed.

show abstract

“…The southern California central valley (Kern, Kings, Tulare, Fresno counties) and San Luis Obispo county, as well as southern Arizona, (Maricopa, Pima, Pinal counties) have the highest incidence of cumulative cases and are considered highly endemic . Reported coccidioidomycosis cases have increased in California since 2000, with 2016 having the highest annual number of cases reported to date …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1,6 Reported coccidioidomycosis cases have increased in California since 2000, with 2016 having the highest annual number of cases reported to date. 7 University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) is a large transplant program which mainly serves people in Southern California.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening Coccidioides serology in kidney transplant recipients: A 10‐year cross‐sectional analysis

Phonphok

Beaird

Duong

et al. 2018

Transplant Infectious Dis

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Pre-transplant serological screening for Coccidioides is recommended in kidney transplant candidates from endemic areas. We observed high seroprevalence among patients from highly and established endemic areas, for whom universal prophylaxis is recommended. For residents from less well-established areas of endemicity, serological screening showed benefit in identifying patients at risk. In patients with isolated EIA IgM, performing repeat and confirmatory tests is recommended. Patients from non-endemic areas had low risk of infection, however, a thorough social history is necessary to evaluate risk.

show abstract

Notes from the Field: Increase in Coccidioidomycosis — California, 2016

Cited by 51 publications

References 4 publications

The mysterious desert dwellers:Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii, causative fungal agents of coccidioidomycosis

The mysterious desert dwellers:Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii, causative fungal agents of coccidioidomycosis

Coccidioides immitis and posadasii; A review of their biology, genomics, pathogenesis, and host immunity

Screening Coccidioides serology in kidney transplant recipients: A 10‐year cross‐sectional analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About