<i>Notes from the Field:</i> Chikungunya Outbreak — Paraguay, 2022–2023

Torales, Martha; Beeson, Amy; Grau, Lorena; Galeano, Miguel; Ojeda, A; Martinez, Brayan Alexander Fonseca; Léon, Ninfa; Cabello, Águeda; Rojas, Fátima; Egea, Viviana de; Galeano, Rosa; Ocampos, Sandra; Vázquez, Cynthia; Montoya, Romeo; Hills, Susan L.; Sequera, Guillermo

doi:10.15585/mmwr.mm7223a5

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Relatively few cases among infants aged <1 year were reported through SEDSS with any of the three arboviruses, but more cases among infants were reported with laboratory evidence of chikungunya infection (4.7% of the overall population) compared with dengue and Zika (2.0% and 1.7% of the overall population, respectively). This observation might reflect the possible higher morbidity including cutaneous alterations and arthralgia or arthritis associated with chikungunya infection in infancy ( 40 , 41 ) compared with the low relative morbidity associated with primary dengue or Zika infections ( 42 ). Twenty-seven percent of participants with dengue progressed to severe dengue.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sentinel Enhanced Dengue Surveillance System — Puerto Rico, 2012–2022

Madewell,

Hernandez-Romieu,

Wong

et al. 2024

MMWR Surveill. Summ.

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Problem/Condition: Dengue is the most prevalent mosquitoborne viral illness worldwide and is endemic in Puerto Rico. Dengue's clinical spectrum can range from mild, undifferentiated febrile illness to hemorrhagic manifestations, shock, multiorgan failure, and death in severe cases. The disease presentation is nonspecific; therefore, various other illnesses (e.g., arboviral and respiratory pathogens) can cause similar clinical symptoms. Enhanced surveillance is necessary to determine disease prevalence, to characterize the epidemiology of severe disease, and to evaluate diagnostic and treatment practices to improve patient outcomes. The Sentinel Enhanced Dengue Surveillance System (SEDSS) was established to monitor trends of dengue and dengue-like acute febrile illnesses (AFIs), characterize the clinical course of disease, and serve as an early warning system for viral infections with epidemic potential.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sentinel Enhanced Dengue Surveillance System — Puerto Rico, 2012–2022

Madewell,

Hernandez-Romieu,

Wong

et al. 2024

MMWR Surveill. Summ.

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“… 1 Currently, 1.3 billion people live in tropical and subtropical areas at risk for CHIKV transmission. 2 Recent outbreaks in the southern cone of South America (e.g., Argentina, Paraguay, and Uruguay) 3 , 4 support predictions that climate change is likely expanding the CHIKV distribution, putting more highly populated temperate regions, including the United States of America, China, and continental Europe, at increased risk for epidemic transmission. 5 In November 2023, the first vaccine against chikungunya (CHIK) was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Pathophysiology of chikungunya virus infection associated with fatal outcomes

de Souza,

Fumagalli,

de Lima

et al. 2024

Cell Host & Microbe

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“…The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) reported 631 CHIKV-related deaths among 2.5 million CHIKV reported cases in 2015 [16]. More recently, between October 2022 and March 2023, the Paraguayan Ministry of Health recorded 81 037 suspected, probable or confirmed chikungunya cases, with 75 911 (94 %) occurring in 2023 [17]. During this outbreak 47 116 cases were reported as probable or confirmed; of these, 27 147 (58 %) were females, with a median age of 36 years (range=0 days to 103 years); and 4604 hospitalizations (10 %) and 52 deaths (<1 %) were linked to CHIKV infection.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immunogenicity, safety and duration of protection afforded by chikungunya virus vaccines undergoing human clinical trials

Rao,

Erku,

Mahalingam

et al. 2024

Journal of General Virology

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Background. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) causes chikungunya fever and has been responsible for major global epidemics of arthritic disease over the past two decades. Multiple CHIKV vaccine candidates are currently undergoing or have undergone human clinical trials, with one vaccine candidate receiving FDA approval. This scoping review was performed to evaluate the ‘efficacy’, ‘safety’ and ‘duration of protection’ provided by CHIKV vaccine candidates in human clinical trials. Methods. This scoping literature review addresses studies involving CHIKV vaccine clinical trials using available literature on the PubMed, Medline Embase, Cochrane Library and Clinicaltrial.gov databases published up to 25 August 2023. Covidence software was used to structure information and review the studies included in this article. Results. A total of 1138 studies were screened and, after removal of duplicate studies, 12 relevant studies were thoroughly reviewed to gather information. This review summarizs that all seven CHIKV vaccine candidates achieved over 90 % seroprotection against CHIKV after one or two doses. All vaccines were able to provide neutralizing antibody protection for at least 28 days. Conclusions. A variety of vaccine technologies have been used to develop CHIKV vaccine candidates. With one vaccine candidate having recently received FDA approval, it is likely that further CHIKV vaccines will be available commercially in the near future.

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Notes from the Field: Chikungunya Outbreak — Paraguay, 2022–2023

Cited by 12 publications

References 4 publications

Sentinel Enhanced Dengue Surveillance System — Puerto Rico, 2012–2022

Sentinel Enhanced Dengue Surveillance System — Puerto Rico, 2012–2022

Pathophysiology of chikungunya virus infection associated with fatal outcomes

Immunogenicity, safety and duration of protection afforded by chikungunya virus vaccines undergoing human clinical trials

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