Nocardia wallacei
 sp. nov. and
 Nocardia blacklockiae
 sp. nov., Human Pathogens and Members of the “
 Nocardia transvalensis
 Complex”

Conville, Patricia S.; Brown, June M.; Steigerwalt, Arnold G.; Brown‐Elliott, Barbara A.; Witebsky, Frank G.

doi:10.1128/jcm.02011-07

Cited by 62 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…However, there are some Nocardia species that are resistant to these agents. For example, N. transvalensis and N. wallacei are usually resistant to aminoglycoside antibiotics [25,26], and this was confirmed by our patient 9. In addition, N. farcinica is most frequently resistant to cephalosporin antibiotics [26], as was the case for patients 2, 3 and 14 (Tables 3 and 4).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

A French multicentric study and review of pulmonary Nocardia spp. in cystic fibrosis patients

Rodríguez-Nava

Durupt

Chyderiotis

et al. 2014

Med Microbiol Immunol

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Some bacterial species recovered from the airways of cystic fibrosis (CF) patients are indisputably associated with lung infections, whereas the clinical relevance of others, such as Nocardia spp., remains unclear. Sixteen French CF cases of colonization/infection with Nocardia spp. were reviewed in order to evaluate the epidemiology, the clinical impact and the potential treatment of these bacteria, and results were compared to those of the literature. Five Nocardia species were identified, Nocardia cyriacigeorgica being the major species (50 % of cases). At first isolation, Nocardia was the sole pathogen recovered in six patients. Seven patients presented pulmonary exacerbation. For 12 patients, antimicrobial treatment against Nocardia was started immediately, mainly based on cotrimoxazole (6 of the 12 cases). In this study, we highlight the heterogeneity of the clinical management of Nocardia spp. in CF. Guidelines for the clinical management of Nocardia infections in CF patients are proposed.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

A French multicentric study and review of pulmonary Nocardia spp. in cystic fibrosis patients

Rodríguez-Nava

Durupt

Chyderiotis

et al. 2014

Med Microbiol Immunol

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“…These isolates were also excluded from the comparison because the taxonomic status of these species with respect to the ever-waning N. asteroides complex remains undescribed.) In order to accommodate the evolving taxonomy of Nocardia, all strains designated N. asteroides complex by microscopic/biochemical/cellular fatty acid identification were considered concordant with any MLSA species cluster designation from the following : N. abscessus, N. brevicatena, N. paucivorans, N. nova, N. veterana, N. africana, N. kruczakiae, N. transvalensis, N. wallacei, N. farcinica, and N. cyriacigeorgica (6,8). Furthermore, the MLSA identification of isolates of the N. abscessus/N.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeny and Identification of Nocardia Species on the Basis of Multilocus Sequence Analysis

et al. 2010

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Nocardia species identification is difficult due to a complex and rapidly changing taxonomy, the failure of 16S rRNA and cellular fatty acid analysis to discriminate many species, and the unreliability of biochemical testing. Here, Nocardia species identification was achieved through multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) of gyrase B of the ␤ subunit of DNA topoisomerase (gyrB), 16S rRNA (16S), subunit A of SecA preprotein translocase (secA1), the 65-kDa heat shock protein (hsp65), and RNA polymerase (rpoB) applied to 190 clinical, 36 type, and 11 reference strains. Phylogenetic analysis resolved 30 sequence clusters with high (>85%) bootstrap support. Since most clusters contained a single type strain and the analysis corroborated current knowledge of Nocardia taxonomy, the sequence clusters were equated with species clusters and MLSA was deemed appropriate for species identification. By comparison, single-locus analysis was inadequate because it failed to resolve species clusters, partly due to the presence of foreign alleles in 22.1% of isolates. While MLSA identified the species of the majority (71.3%) of strains, it also identified clusters that may correspond to new species. The correlation of the identities by MLSA with those determined on the basis of microscopic examination, biochemical testing, and fatty acid analysis was 95%; however, MLSA was more discriminatory. Nocardia cyriacigeorgica (21.58%) and N. farcinica (14.74%) were the most frequently encountered species among clinical isolates. In summary, five-locus MLSA is a reliable method of elucidating taxonomic data to inform Nocardia species identification; however, three-locus (gyrB-16S-secA1) or four-locus (gyrB-16S-secA1-hsp65) MLSA was nearly as reliable, correctly identifying 98.5% and 99.5% of isolates, respectively, and would be more feasible for routine use in a clinical reference microbiology laboratory.

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“…Initially, 14 species-specific 16S rRNA gene probes to detect 14 major Nocardia species represented in our culture collection were designed (5,8,19,24,27). Early experiments, however, identified a number of problems.…”

Section: Nocardiamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This approach has the capacity for the simultaneous analysis of a large number (ϳ40) of strains against multiple probes and can be adapted to include different gene targets within the same assay (14). In the present study, we designed and incorporated into an RLB format species-and group-specific probes targeting Nocardia 16S rRNA genes as well as probes directed at the 16S-23S rRNA gene spacer (or intergenic transcribed spacer [ITS]) regions to identify the more common clinically important Nocardia species (5,8,24,27). The selection of target species was based on the known or likely prevalence of the pathogen (5,19,22) and where at least one isolate of the species was available for study.…”

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confidence: 99%

Identification of Pathogenic Nocardia Species by Reverse Line Blot Hybridization Targeting the 16S rRNA and 16S-23S rRNA Gene Spacer Regions

et al. 2010

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Although 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis is employed most often for the definitive identification of Nocardia species, alternate molecular methods and polymorphisms in other gene targets have also enabled species determinations. We evaluated a combined Nocardia PCR-based reverse line blot (RLB) hybridization assay based on 16S and 16S-23S rRNA gene spacer region polymorphisms to identify 12 American Type Culture Collection and 123 clinical Nocardia isolates representing 14 species; results were compared with results from 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Thirteen 16S rRNA gene-based (two group-specific and 11 speciesspecific) and five 16S-23S spacer-targeted (two taxon-specific and three species-specific) probes were utilized. 16S rRNA gene-based probes correctly identified 124 of 135 isolates (sensitivity, 92%) but were unable to identify Nocardia paucivorans strains (n ‫؍‬ 10 strains) and a Nocardia asteroides isolate with a novel 16S rRNA gene sequence. Nocardia farcinica and Nocardia cyriacigeorgica strains were identified by the sequential use of an N. farcinica-"negative" probe and a combined N. farcinica/N. cyriacigeorgica probe. The assay specificity was high (99%) except for weak cross-reactivity between the Nocardia brasiliensis probe with the Nocardia thailandica DNA product; however, cross-hybridization with closely related nontarget species may occur. The incorporation of 16S-23S rRNA gene spacer-based probes enabled the identification of all N. paucivorans strains. The overall sensitivity using both probe sets was >99%. Both N. farcinica-specific 16S-23S rRNA gene spacerdirected probes were required to identify all N. farcinica stains by using this probe set. The study demonstrates the utility of a combined PCR/RLB assay for the identification of clinically relevant Nocardia species and its potential for studying subtypes of N. farcinica. Where species assignment is ambiguous or not possible, 16S rRNA gene sequencing is recommended.

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Nocardia wallacei sp. nov. and Nocardia blacklockiae sp. nov., Human Pathogens and Members of the “ Nocardia transvalensis Complex”

Cited by 62 publications

References 21 publications

A French multicentric study and review of pulmonary Nocardia spp. in cystic fibrosis patients

A French multicentric study and review of pulmonary Nocardia spp. in cystic fibrosis patients

Phylogeny and Identification of Nocardia Species on the Basis of Multilocus Sequence Analysis

Identification of Pathogenic Nocardia Species by Reverse Line Blot Hybridization Targeting the 16S rRNA and 16S-23S rRNA Gene Spacer Regions

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