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            -Nitrosamines in the Rubber and Tire Industry

Fajen, J.M.; Carson, G.A.; Rounbehler, David P.; Fan, TY; Vita, Robert J. De; U, Goff; Wolf, MH; Edwards, GS; Fine, David H.; Reinhold, Vernon N.; Biemann, K.

doi:10.1126/science.472741

Cited by 122 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…In September 1979 it was reported that when N-nitrosodiphenylamine (NDPA) was used in rubber compounds, other and potentially more hazardous nitrosamines could be generated. 49 In particular, it has been shown that NDPA may react with any secondary amines produced in the process to give the corresponding nitrosamine. Thus NDPA, if used with tetramethylthiuram disulphide (TMTD), may produce dimethylnitrosamine (NDMA) by nitrosation of dimethylamine.…”

Section: Cancer Mortality Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer mortality in the British rubber industry: 1946-80.

Sorahan¹,

Parkes²,

Veys³

et al. 1986

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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Although it is over 30 years since an excess of bladder cancer was first identified in British rubber workers, the fear has persisted that this hazard could still be affecting men working in the industry today. Furthermore, suspicions have also arisen that other and hitherto unsuspected excesses of cancer might be occurring. For these reasons 33 815 men, who first started work in the industry between 1 January 1946 and 31 December 1960, have been followed up to 31 December 1975 to ascertain the number of deaths attributable to malignant disease and to compare these with the expected number calculated from the published mortality rates applicable to the male population of England and Wales and Scotland. The findings confirm the absence of any excess mortality from bladder cancer among men entering the industry after 1 January 1951 (the presumed bladder carcinogens were withdrawn from production processes in July 1949), but they confirm also a statistically significant excess of both lung and stomach cancer mortality. A small excess of oesophageal cancer was also observed in both the tyre and general rubber goods manufacturing sectors. American reports of an excess of leukaemia among rubber workers receive only limited support from the present study, where a small numerical excess of deaths from leukaemia is not statistically significant. A special feature of the study is the adoption of an analytical method that permits taking into account the long latent period of induction of occupational cancer.The existence of an occupational bladder cancer hazard has been reco,nised in the British rubber industry since 1950,; the current position has recently been reviewed by one of us.5 During the early 1 970s epidemiological studies were extended on both sides of the Atlantic to the investigation of the total mortality pattern of rubber workers, but with special emphasis on deaths from cancer. It has for some time been suggested that other and hitherto unsuspected excesses of cancer could also be present in addition to the recognised excess of occupational bladder cancer. Unpublished preliminary observations using proportional mortality data collected in the course of a study of bladder cancer by the British Rubber Manufacturers' Association (BRMA) did provide some evidence of an excess of both lung and stomach cancers.On 1 February 1967 a survey6 was set up by the then senior medical inspector of factories to determine whether there was a continuing risk of bladder cancer in the rubber and cable-making industries.On that date a detailed census was undertaken in

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Section: Cancer Mortality Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cancer mortality in the British rubber industry: 1946-80.

Sorahan¹,

Parkes²,

Veys³

et al. 1986

Occupational and Environmental Medicine

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show abstract

“…On the basis of the available data, it was determined that there is evidence of an excess of lung cancer among workers who have ever been employed in the Hilling and Tuber area of B.F. Goodrich 8,1986 we sent letters to the company and union informing them of the progress of the study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-85-003-1834, B. F. Goodrich, Woodburn, Indiana.

1987

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“…They may be synthesized in the environment and in the body. Occupational exposures may occur, for example, to machinists from synthetic grinding fluids, and in industries such as leather tanneries and tire manufacturing plants (1,2). Non-occupational exposure also may occur from such sources as beer, cured meats, cosmetics, and tobacco smoke.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-82-156-1231, Sheller-Globe Corporation, Keokuk, Iowa.

1982

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N -Nitrosamines in the Rubber and Tire Industry

Cited by 122 publications

References 8 publications

Cancer mortality in the British rubber industry: 1946-80.

Cancer mortality in the British rubber industry: 1946-80.

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-85-003-1834, B. F. Goodrich, Woodburn, Indiana.

Health hazard evaluation report: HETA-82-156-1231, Sheller-Globe Corporation, Keokuk, Iowa.

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