<i>N</i>-[4-(2-Morpholinoethoxy)phenyl]acetamide monohydrate

Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease that is the leading genetic cause of infantile death. It is caused by a severe deficiency of the ubiquitously expressed Survival Motor Neuron (SMN) protein. SMA is characterized by α-lower motor neuron loss and muscle atrophy, however, there is a growing list of tissues impacted by a SMN deficiency beyond motor neurons. The non-neuronal defects are observed in the most severe Type I SMA patients and most of the widely used SMA mouse models, however, as effective therapeutics are developed, it is unclear whether additional symptoms will be uncovered in longer lived patients. Recently, the immune system and inflammation has been identified as a contributor to neurodegenerative diseases such as ALS. To determine whether the immune system is comprised in SMA, we analyzed the spleen and immunological components in SMA mice. In this report, we identify: a significant reduction in spleen size in multiple SMA mouse models and a pathological reduction in red pulp and extramedullary hematopoiesis. Additionally, red pulp macrophages, a discrete subset of yolk sac-derived macrophages, were found to be altered in SMA spleens even in pre-symptomatic post-natal day 2 animals. These cells, which are involved in iron metabolism and the phagocytosis of erythrocytes and blood-borne pathogens are significantly reduced prior to the development of the neurodegenerative hallmarks of SMA, implying a differential role of SMN in myeloid cell ontogeny. Collectively, these results demonstrate that SMN deficiency impacts spleen development and suggests a potential role for immunological development in SMA.

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SMN deficiency negatively impacts red pulp macrophages and spleen development in mouse models of Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Khairallah

Astroski

Custer

et al. 2017

Hum. Mol. Genet.

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Crystal and Molecular Structure of N-[2-(6-Methoxy-2-oxo-2H-Chromen-4-yl-Benzofuran-3-yl]- Benzamide

Anuradha¹,

Vasuki²,

Khan³

et al. 2012

CSTA

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The crystal structure of the potential active N-[2-(6-Methoxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)-benzofuran-3-yl]-benzamide (C 25 H 17 NO 5 ) (I) has been determined from single crystal X-ray diffraction data. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic space group P 21/n, with a = 12.0551(11), b = 9.7853(8), c = 16.6517(16) Å, β = 90.092(4)˚, V = 1964.28(3) Å 3 , D calc = 1.391 Mg/m 3 , Z = 4. In the structure, intermolecular H-bonds lead to the formation of a centrosymmetric dimer of the molecule. There is an intramolecular C7-H7…N1 hydrogen bond forming a closed seven membered ring. There are also intramolecular π-π interactions presented between the 3,6-Dihydro-2H-pyran ring of the chromen moiety [Cg2…Cg2 distance = 3.5812(13) Å]. The packing structure is stabilized by these C-H…N, N-H…O hydrogen bonds, C-H… π and π…π interactions.

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N-[4-(2-Morpholinoethoxy)phenyl]acetamide monohydrate

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SMN deficiency negatively impacts red pulp macrophages and spleen development in mouse models of Spinal Muscular Atrophy

SMN deficiency negatively impacts red pulp macrophages and spleen development in mouse models of Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Crystal and Molecular Structure of N-[2-(6-Methoxy-2-oxo-2H-Chromen-4-yl-Benzofuran-3-yl]- Benzamide

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