In the title zwitterionic compound, C20H15N3O3S2, the 2-hydroxynaphthalene-1-carbaldehyde group A, the anilinic unit B and the 1,3-thiazol-2(3H)-imine group C are each approximately planar with r.m.s. deviation of 0.0721, 0.0412 and 0.0125 Å, respectively. The dihedral angles between A/B, A/C and B/C are 24.70 (10), 79.97 (7) and 83.14 (6)°, respectively. There is an intramolecular S(6) motif involving the imine N—H and the naphtholate O atom. In the crystal, inversion-related molecules form dimers as a result of N—H⋯N and N—H⋯O hydrogen bonds with R
2
2(8) and R
1
2(4) motifs, respectively. Weak π–π interactions between the benzene and naphthyl rings of inversion-related molecules have ring centroid–centroid distances of 3.638 (2) and 4.041 (2) Å. A C—H⋯π interaction occurs between the thiazol ring and the benzene ring of an adjacent molecule.