<i>Mycosphaerella</i>diseases of juvenile foliage in a eucalypt species and provenance trial in Victoria, Australia

Carnegie, Angus J.; Ades, Peter K.; Keane, P. J.; Smith, I. W.

doi:10.1080/00049158.1998.10674739

Cited by 40 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Therefore, in the past, Mycosphaerella spp. damage usually has been attributed to these one or two sporulating species (11,14,25,38,47,50,51,61). Although the species detected at the trial site and elsewhere in Tasmania support the findings of a seasonally and geographically more comprehensive survey (51), the detection frequency for all species was much higher in this study, presumably due to the sensitivity and specificity of the molecular detection methods, the ability of the test to detect species in tissue without reproductive structures and to test large numbers of samples.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…M. marksii and other species are encountered less often (13,49,51,52,60). The most damaging are reported to be M. nubilosa and M. cryptica (10)(11)(12)14,25,(59)(60)(61)(62), which cause the most severe leaf disease, resulting in significant crown damage of E. globulus, E. nitens, and their hybrids (30,39), the most widely grown temperate plantation species. Crown damage in E. globulus in Australia has been reported to range from 10% leaf necrosis to complete defoliation and tree death in locations strongly conducive to disease development (22,23,50,52).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, fungicide use may be financially or environmentally prohibitive in tree plantations. Detection at an earlier stage in the fungal life-cycle would be preferable and may permit development of silvicultural options to prevent disease or reduce disease severity (9,11,52). PCR-based methods exploit genetic sequence differences to provide early, rapid, specific, and sensitive detection and identification of pathogens of concern regardless of the presence of reproductive structures.…”

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Development of Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection ofMycosphaerellaspp. and Its Application to the Study of Leaf Disease inEucalyptusPlantations

Glen¹,

Smith²,

Langrell³

et al. 2007

Phytopathology®

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Glen, M., Smith, A. H., Langrell, S. R. H., and Mohammed, C. L. 2007. Development of nested polymerase chain reaction detection of Mycosphaerella spp. and its application to the study of leaf disease in Eucalyptus plantations. Phytopathology 97:132-144.Mycosphaerella leaf disease (MLD) is a serious disease of two of the major eucalypt species grown in temperate regions worldwide, Eucalyptus globulus and E. nitens. More than 30 species of Mycosphaerella have been reported on eucalypts worldwide. Accurate, rapid, and early discrimination of Mycosphaerella spp. causing crown damage to E. globulus and E. nitens will assist the development of sustainable management strategies. This study describes the development, and incorporation in a nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) approach, of specific primers for the detection and identification of Mycosphaerella spp. commonly reported from leaf lesions of E. globulus and E. nitens in Australia. Primer design was assisted by sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis of 165 nonredundant sequences from the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer regions of Mycosphaerella and related species. Phylogenetic analysis revealed very high sequence similarity for two taxon groups, Mycosphaerella grandis and M. parva, and M. vespa, M. ambiphylla, and M. molleriana, and primers were designed to differentiate each of the two groups. Three other species, M. cryptica, M. nubilosa, and M. tasmaniensis, were distinct and distinguished by species-specific primers. In double-blind trials, the detection test accurately and rapidly identified Mycosphaerella spp. in cultures and discriminated against other pathogens that co-occur in or on Eucalyptus leaves, thereby verifying its reliability. The detection test has an internal amplification control in the first-round PCR with fungal-specific primers to raise confidence in test results, particularly to highlight negative results due to PCR inhibition. When applied to DNA extracted from leaf or stem samples either as multiple or single lesions, it detected and identified up to five Mycosphaerella spp. or taxon groups in both positively identified and in young (putative) MLD lesions. The samples were 20 mm 2 or larger in surface area and were collected while undertaking disease rating assessments in an experimental investigation of Eucalyptus plantations and regrowth forest. Using nested PCR detection, Mycosphaerella spp. were positively identified in 2 days, 1 to 5 months earlier than by classical methods, demonstrating the potential application of this detection test to the early discrimination of MLD components in ecological, epidemiological, and genetic investigations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Development of Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection ofMycosphaerellaspp. and Its Application to the Study of Leaf Disease inEucalyptusPlantations

Glen¹,

Smith²,

Langrell³

et al. 2007

Phytopathology®

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“…T. pseudonubilosa is a sister species to T. nubilosa and in all prior studies, these two fungi have been treated collectively. It will, therefore, be necessary to reexamine all previous disease situations and tree improvement studies (e.g., Carnegie and Ades 2003;Carnegie et al 1994Carnegie et al , 1998 where T. nubilosa sensu lato has been implicated and to determine whether there might be differences in the host range and ecology of the two pathogens. This should not be difficult because the four fixed nucleotide characters in the ITS gene region are diagnostic and for many previous studies, sequence data are available in GenBank (Crous et al 2004;Glen et al 2007;Hunter et al 2004bHunter et al , 2009Kularatne et al 2004;Maxwell et al 2001;Pérez et al 2009a, b).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Teratosphaeria pseudonubilosa sp. nov., a serious Eucalyptus leaf pathogen in the Teratosphaeria nubilosa species complex

Pérez

Burgess

Slippers

et al. 2013

Australasian Plant Pathol.

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“…These fungi cause leaf spots, leaf blotches, or petiole and stem cankers that often result in stressed and stunted trees, adversely affecting commercial forestry operations (Carnegie et al 1994;Carnegie et al 1998;Lundquist and Purnell 1987;Park et al 2000;Sanchez Marquez et al 2011).…”

Section: A Diverse Group Of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceaementioning

confidence: 99%

Species of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae on native Myrtaceae in Uruguay: evidence of fungal host jumps

et al. 2013

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Mycosphaerella species are well-known causal agents of leaf diseases on many economically and ecologically important plant species. In Uruguay, a relatively large number of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae are found on Eucalyptus, but nothing is known of these fungi on native Myrtaceae. The aim of this study was to identify Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae species associated with leaf diseases on native Myrtaceae in Uruguay and to consider whether host jumps by the pathogen from introduced Eucalyptus to native Myrtaceae have occurred.Several native forests throughout the country were surveyed with special attention given to those located close to Eucalyptus plantations. Five species belonging to the Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae clades were found on native Myrtaceous trees and three of these had previously been reported on Eucalyptus in Uruguay. Those occurring both on Eucalyptus and native Myrtaceae included Pallidocercospora heimii, Pseudocercospora norchiensis andTeratosphaeria aurantia. In addition, Mycosphaerella yunnanensis, a species known to occur on Eucalyptus but not previously recorded in Uruguay, was found on leaves of two native Myrtaceous hosts. Because most of these species occur on Eucalyptus in countries other than Uruguay, it appears that they were introduced in this country and have adapted to be able to infect native Myrtaceae. These apparent host jumps have the potential to result in serious disease problems and they should be carefully monitored.

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Mycosphaerelladiseases of juvenile foliage in a eucalypt species and provenance trial in Victoria, Australia

Cited by 40 publications

References 20 publications

Development of Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection ofMycosphaerellaspp. and Its Application to the Study of Leaf Disease inEucalyptusPlantations

Development of Nested Polymerase Chain Reaction Detection ofMycosphaerellaspp. and Its Application to the Study of Leaf Disease inEucalyptusPlantations

Teratosphaeria pseudonubilosa sp. nov., a serious Eucalyptus leaf pathogen in the Teratosphaeria nubilosa species complex

Species of Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae on native Myrtaceae in Uruguay: evidence of fungal host jumps

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