Mycoplasmoides genitaliumMacrolide Resistance Detection is Needed in University Settings

Abstract

Background: Mycoplasmoides genitalium remains a difficult sexually-transmitted infection (STI) to manage due to its potential for antimicrobial resistance and post-infection sequelae. University students are especially vulnerable, as this demographic has the highest rate of STI in the United States. As a result, investigating prevalence rates and therapeutic outcomes in this population is essential to minimize future impact of M. genitalium. The purpose of this study was to investigate a university student population for M. genitalium distribution and treatment outcome. Design:Retrospective chart-review of university health clinic attendees, augmented by laboratory detection of M. genitalium following therapeutic intervention.Methods: A total of 1617 student encounters at a midwestern United States university health clinic over a 28-month interval from November 2017 through February 2020 were analyzed for M. genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis positivity rates and prevalence. Detection of these sexually-transmitted pathogens occurred by commercial RNA amplification testing. Chart review was focused on participant outcomes following initial M. genitalium detection and therapeutic intervention.Results: C. trachomatis positivity and prevalence rates were 7.05% and 9.00%, respectively, while analogous rates for M. genitalium were 7.05% and 6.51%, respectively. An average of 1.83 positive results was generated from participants infected with M. genitalium at any time, with an average of 1.17 positive results for C. trachomatis (P < 0.0002). For students treated with azithromycin, 30.3% generated a negative M. genitalium result upon follow-up, with 1g daily and 2-day 500mg dosing regimens demonstrating less efficacy than a 4-day 250mg regimen or moxifloxacin. Conclusion:Data indicate a need for molecular M. genitalium macrolide resistance determination from primary specimens in the university setting.