<i>Mycoplasma</i> Disease and Acute Chest Syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease

Neumayr, Lynne; Lennette, Evelyne T.; Kelly, D.; Earles, Ann N.; Embury, Stephen H.; Groncy, Paula K.; Grossi, Mauro; Grover, Ranjeet; McMahon, Lillian; Swerdlow, Paul; Waldron, Peter; Vichinsky, Elliott

doi:10.1542/peds.112.1.87

Cited by 71 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 108 publications

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“…First described over 30 years ago (Charache et al 1979), ACS has a complex pathophysiology that remains poorly defined. Numerous etiologies have been proposed including typical and atypical bacterial pathogens (Miller et al 1991;Vichinsky et al 2000;Neumayr et al 2003), viral infection (Lowenthal et al 1996), fat embolism (Vichinsky et al 1994), intrapulmonary sequestration of erythrocytes (Vichinsky et al 1994), and nitric oxide -hemoglobin interactions (Gladwin et al 1999).…”

Section: Acute Chest Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Management of Sickle Cell Anemia

McGann

Nero

Ware

2013

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

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Proper management of sickle cell anemia (SCA) begins with establishing the correct diagnosis early in life, ideally during the newborn period. The identification of affected infants by neonatal screening programs allows early initiation of prophylactic penicillin and pneumococcal immunizations, which help prevent overwhelming sepsis. Ongoing education of families promotes the early recognition of disease-released complications, which allows prompt and appropriate medical evaluation and therapeutic intervention. Periodic evaluation by trained specialists helps provide comprehensive care, including transcranial Doppler examinations to identify children at risk for primary stroke, plus assessments for other parenchymal organ damage as patients become teens and adults. Treatment approaches that previously highlighted acute vaso-occlusive events are now evolving to the concept of preventive therapy. Liberalized use of blood transfusions and early consideration of hydroxyurea treatment represent a new treatment paradigm for SCA management.

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Section: Acute Chest Syndromementioning

confidence: 99%

Current Management of Sickle Cell Anemia

McGann

Nero

Ware

2013

Cold Spring Harbor Perspectives in Medicine

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“…In sickle-cell disease, there have been reports of M. pneumoniae causing severe pneumonia in children, with multilobar infiltrates, respiratory distress, and abundant pleural effusion [6,38]. In the United States, Neumayr et al [34] reported multilobar infiltrates and pleural effusion in over 50% of cases with sickle cell disease. Mycoplasma pneumoniae can also cause acute chest syndrome.…”

Section: Mycoplasma Pneumoniae In Special Situationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infection by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and its importance as an etiological agent in childhood community-acquired pneumonias

Vervloet¹,

Marguet²,

Camargos

2007

Braz J Infect Dis

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This manuscript reviewed the literature on infection by Mycoplasma pneumoniae with emphasis on etiological aspects of childhood community-acquired pneumonias. Bibliographical research was carried out from Pubmed Medline, MDConsult, HighWire, LILACS, and direct research over the past 10 years with the following keywords: Mycoplasma pneumoniae, pneumonia, and childhood. Fifty-four articles were selected. Mycoplasma pneumoniae has a high incidence in childhood. Clinical presentation includes respiratory and extrarespiratory symptoms. Mycoplasma pneumoniae lung infection can be confused with viral or bacterial pneumonia and is unresponsive to beta-lactams. In addition, co-infections have been reported. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection occurs in all age groups, being less frequent and more severe in children under the age of five. Its incidence as a causal agent is high. Mycoplasma pneumoniae infections constitute 20%-40% of all community-acquired pneumonias; the severity is highly variable, and this condition may lead to severe sequelae. Mycoplasma pneumoniae frequency is underestimated in clinical practice because of the lack of specific features and a diagnosis that needs serology or PCR. Effective management of M. pneumoniae infections can usually be achieved with macrolides. In Brazil, epidemiological studies are needed in order to assess the incidence of this bacterium.

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“…PPE due to M. pneumoniae has been reported in 4-20% of patients with CAP. Although PPE is generally small, unilateral and does not require chest tube insertion, it can be massive and bilateral 1,[21][22][23][24][25] . In a retrospective observational study involving 121 hospitalized children and adolescent patients with CAP/ PPE, M. pneumoniae without co-infection was detected in 34 and M. pneumoniae/S.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of complicated and uncomplicated parapneumonic effusion in children

et al. 2016

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003). Children in the empyema group had significantly more dyspnea symptoms than the children with PPE (p=0.022). Mean fever duration before hospitalization was similar in both groups. Streptococcus pneumoniae and group A streptococcus were the most common causes of empyema. All of the patients were treated with intravenous antibiotics. In addition to medical treatment, tube thoracostomy was performed in 59 of 70 (84.3%) patients in empyema group; 27 (45.8%) of them required intrapleural fibrinolysis also. In the presence of antibiotic treatment failure or in cases with moderate or large pleural effusion with loculations and clinical deterioration; it is necessary to perform drainage of the purulent fluid by tube thoracostomy, to add intrapleural fibrinolytics or to perform video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS), in order to enhance prompt recovery.

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Mycoplasma Disease and Acute Chest Syndrome in Sickle Cell Disease

Cited by 71 publications

References 108 publications

Current Management of Sickle Cell Anemia

Current Management of Sickle Cell Anemia

Infection by Mycoplasma pneumoniae and its importance as an etiological agent in childhood community-acquired pneumonias

Evaluation of complicated and uncomplicated parapneumonic effusion in children

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