Mycobacterium lentiflavumInfection in Immunocompetent Patient

Abstract

Mycobacterium lentiflavum is a recently described nontuberculous mycobacterium that has mainly clinical importance in young children with cervical lymphadenitis and in immunocompromised patients. We describe a case of chronic pulmonary infection in an immunocompetent patient. Our observation confirms clinical, diagnostic, and treatment difficulties in the management of M. lentiflavum infection.

Molecular Isolation of Pathogenic Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria in Free Ranging Migratory Wildebeests (<i>Connochaetes taurinus</i>) and Cattle of Masai Mara, Kenya

“…M. lentiflavum is a slow growing acid-fast bacillus (AFB) that has biochemical characteristics identical to those of organisms belonging to the Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) and mycolic acid and fatty acid chromatography patterns very similar to those of Mycobacterium simiae, so genetic analysis is necessary for conclusive identification (Springer et al, 1996). This organism has been isolated from clinical samples in Italy, Switzerland, Germany, France and Spain (Springer et al, 1996;Tortoli et al, 1997;Niobe et al, 2001;Ibanez et al, 2002) and from sputum samples in Brazil (da Silva Rocha et al, 1999) and Italy (Molteni et al, 2005). Recently, cases of human disease have been reported, including chronic pulmonary disease (Molteni et al, 2005), cervical lymphadenitis (Cabria et al, 2002), liver abscess (Tortoli et al, 2002) and fatal disseminated infection (Ibanez et al, 2002).…”

“…This organism has been isolated from clinical samples in Italy, Switzerland, Germany, France and Spain (Springer et al, 1996;Tortoli et al, 1997;Niobe et al, 2001;Ibanez et al, 2002) and from sputum samples in Brazil (da Silva Rocha et al, 1999) and Italy (Molteni et al, 2005). Recently, cases of human disease have been reported, including chronic pulmonary disease (Molteni et al, 2005), cervical lymphadenitis (Cabria et al, 2002), liver abscess (Tortoli et al, 2002) and fatal disseminated infection (Ibanez et al, 2002). Our findings are the first evidence of M. lentiflavum infection reported in Kenya.…”

Mycobacterium lentiflavumin Drinking Water Supplies, Australia

“…Sputum ZN+, C+ after 35 d(multiple specimens)No2-y treatment for pulmonary TB aged 30 y; smoker[RMP, EMB, INH, PZA] 1 y, CLR also added, duration NS3-y follow-up, sputum remained ZN+, C+, symptoms continued, CXR slowly progressed( 20 )(case 6)35 y/FZambia4-wk history of cough, pleural effusion fluid C+.NoNo[RMP, INH, PZA, EMB] duration NSImproved. Duration of follow-up NS( 21 )67 y/FItalyHemoptysis, low-grade fever, weight loss. Sputum ZN+, C+NoPrevious pulmonary TB, with fibrosis right upper lobe, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease[INH, PZA, EMB, RMP] 3 mo: no effect: ceased.…”

Mycobacterium lentiflavum, an emerging pathogen?

“…4 Likewise other non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), M. lentiflavum may infect humans and may even be responsible of disease, both in HIV-positive 3,5 and -negative subjects. [1][2][3][6][7][8][9][10] According to the reports of the literature the neck lymphadenitis of children is the most frequent pathology due to this organism. 3,9,[11][12][13] We report here, along with a further case of cervical lymphadenopathy in a young boy, the first isolations from pleural fluid in a young patient with leukaemia and in an elderly man.…”