“I-MOVE” towards monitoring seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine effectiveness: lessons learnt from a pilot multi-centric case-control study in Europe, 2008-9

Abstract

Within I-MOVE (European programme to monitor seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE)) five countries conducted IVE pilot case-control studies in 2008-9. One hundred and sixty sentinel general practitioners (GP) swabbed all elderly consulting for influenza-like illness (ILI). Influenza confirmed cases were compared to influenza negative controls. We conducted a pooled analysis to obtain a summary IVE in the age group of ≥65 years. We measured IVE in each study and assessed heterogeneity between studies qualitatively and using the I2 index. We used a one-stage pooled model with study as a fixed effect. We adjusted estimates for age-group, sex, chronic diseases, smoking, functional status, previous influenza vaccinations and previous hospitalisations. The pooled analysis included 138 cases and 189 test-negative controls. There was no statistical heterogeneity (I2=0) between studies but ILI case definition, previous hospitalisations and functional status were slightly different. The adjusted IVE was 59.1% (95% CI: 15.3-80.3%). IVE was 65.4% (95% CI: 15.6-85.8%) in the 65-74, 59.6% (95% CI: -72.6 -90.6%) in the age group of ≥75 and 56.4% (95% CI: -0.2-81.3%) for A(H3). Pooled analysis is feasible among European studies. The variables definitions need further standardisation. Larger sample sizes are needed to achieve greater precision for subgroup analysis. For 2009-10, I-MOVE will extend the study to obtain early IVE estimates in groups targeted for pandemic H1N1 influenza vaccination.

Clinical Effectiveness of Split-Virion Versus Subunit Trivalent Influenza Vaccines in Older Adults

“…This study used the case-positive, control test-negative study design that has been used by both the US Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness network [17,18] and the European Influenza Monitoring Vaccine Effectiveness in Europe network [13,[19][20][21]. This study design uses controls that have presented to the same medical center and have tested negative for influenza.…”

Evaluation of the Real-World Effectiveness of Vaccines against COVID-19 at a Local Level: Protocol for a Test-Negative Case–Control Study

“…We will perform an observational study using a retrospective test-negative case–control design. This method has been used successfully to estimate the effectiveness of vaccines against respiratory diseases such as influenza virus infection [ 25 , 26 , 27 ] and COVID-19 [ 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”

No effect modification of influenza virus vaccine effectiveness by age or chronic condition was observed in the 2010/11 to 2017/18 seasons

“…We used data from the 2010/11 to 2017/18 seasons. Data were retrieved from the EuroEVA study, 27,28 the Portuguese component of the multicentric primary care‐based Influenza‐Monitoring Vaccine Effectiveness (I‐MOVE) study network implemented on a yearly basis for monitoring IVE 29 …”