<i>Moose</i>, a new family of LTR‐retrotransposons in the mosquito <i>Anopheles gambiae</i>

Biessmann, Harald; Mf, Walter; Le, D.; Chuan, Sun; Jg, Yao

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2583.1999.820201.x

Cited by 11 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Our data show that HeT-A is strongly expressed in the female and male gonads. Few retroelements have been studied to date beyond the level of developmental northern blots from whole organisms, but when tissue-specific expression data are reported, all retroelements studied to date are expressed in the germ line, and some are also expressed in somatic tissues (Biessmann et al 1999;Ding and Lipstitz 1994;Filatov et al 1998;Haoudi et al 1997;Lachaume et al 1992;Pasyukova et al 1997;Tatout et al 1994). Although retroelements may transpose in somatic cells, only transposition in the germ line will ensure that the new location of the transposable element is passed on to the next generation.…”

Section: Het-a Transcript Levels Are Correlated With Cell Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the telomeric retrotransposon HeT - A in Drosophila melanogaster is correlated with cell proliferation

Walter

Biessmann

2004

Development Genes and Evolution

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Drosophila melanogaster extends its telomeres by transposition of two non-LTR retrotransposons, HeT-A and TART, to chromosome ends. We have determined the tissue-specific expression of these two elements by whole-mount in situ hybridization with digoxigenin-labeled RNA sense and antisense probes in the germ line and in a variety of larval tissues during normal development in the wild type and in tissues of mutants that cause overproliferation. Our results indicate that transcript levels, which are a key component in the process of telomere elongation in D. melanogaster, are correlated with cell proliferation in normal tissues and that RNA levels are elevated in growth-stimulated tissues.

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Section: Het-a Transcript Levels Are Correlated With Cell Proliferationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of the telomeric retrotransposon HeT - A in Drosophila melanogaster is correlated with cell proliferation

Walter

Biessmann

2004

Development Genes and Evolution

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“…Within the hAT superfamily the Herves transposase piggyBac elements (Sarkar et al 2003a,b), while there has been, previous to the publication of this genome sequence was most closely related to the hopper-we element from Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera cucurbitae sequence, circumstantial evidence for activity of the class II element Ikirara (Romans et al 1998) and the (Handler 2003) but was distantly related to transposase sequences from other insect elements (e.g., Hermes from class I elements Moose (Biessmann et al 1999) and mtanga (Rohr et al 2002). Donor Herves plasmids used M. domestica).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analyses Aimed At Establishing the Placement Ofmentioning

confidence: 95%

An Active Transposable Element, Herves, From the African Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiaeSequence data from this article have been deposited with the EMBL/GenBank Data Libraries under accession no. AY462096.

et al. 2005

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Transposable elements have proven to be invaluable tools for genetically manipulating a wide variety of plants, animals, and microbes. Some have suggested that they could be used to spread desirable genes, such as refractoriness to Plasmodium infection, through target populations of Anopheles gambiae, thereby disabling the mosquito's ability to transmit malaria. To achieve this, a transposon must remain mobile and intact after the initial introduction into the genome. Endogenous, active class II transposable elements from An. gambiae have not been exploited as gene vectors/drivers because none have been isolated. We report the discovery of an active class II transposable element, Herves, from the mosquito An. gambiae. Herves is a member of a distinct subfamily of hAT elements that includes the hopper-we element from Bactrocera dorsalis and B. cucurbitae. Herves was transpositionally active in mobility assays performed in Drosophila melanogaster S2 cells and developing embryos and was used as a germ-line transformation vector in D. melanogaster. Herves displays an altered target-site preference from the distantly related hAT elements, Hermes and hobo. Herves is also present in An. arabiensis and An. merus with copy numbers similar to that found in An. gambiae. Preliminary data from an East African population are consistent with the element being transpositionally active in mosquitoes.

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“…Moose, found in An. gambiae (Biessmann et al, 1999) is thought to belong to the Pao clade. There is a striking difference between the copy number of Moose estimated by in situ hybridization and Southern blotting (around 30 copies) by Biessmann et al (1999), and the number of copies (more than 1000) found in the sequenced genome ) (see Table 3).…”

Section: Rna-based Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…gambiae (Biessmann et al, 1999) is thought to belong to the Pao clade. There is a striking difference between the copy number of Moose estimated by in situ hybridization and Southern blotting (around 30 copies) by Biessmann et al (1999), and the number of copies (more than 1000) found in the sequenced genome ) (see Table 3). This difference does not seem to be attributable to the insertion in tandem of different copies or to a high number of copies embedded in the heterochromatin, because 85 copies were reported in the heterochromatin versus 970 in the euchromatin of the sequenced genome of An.…”

Section: Rna-based Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…gambiae . This difference could of course reflect specific characteristics of the strains used, PE for Biessmann et al (1999), PEST for the sequenced genome, or bias due to the techniques used (molecular analyses versus sequenced genome) depending on the percentage of similarity used to define elements of a given family. The case of mtanga/mtanga-Y is puzzling.…”

Section: Rna-based Elementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Transposable elements in mosquitoes

Boulesteix

Biémont

2005

Cytogenet Genome Res

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We describe the current state of knowledge about transposable elements (TEs) in different mosquito species. DNA-based elements (class II elements), non-LTR retrotransposons (class I elements), and MITEs (Miniature Inverted Repeat Transposable Elements) are found in the three genera, Anopheles, Aedes and Culex, whereas LTR retrotransposons (class I elements) are found only in Anopheles and Aedes. Mosquitoes were the first insects in which MITEs were reported; they have several LTR retrotransposons belonging to the Pao family, which is distinct from the Gypsy-Ty3 and Copia-Ty1 families. The number of TE copies shows huge variations between classes of TEs within a given species (from 1 to 1000), in sharp contrast to Drosophila, which shows only relatively minor differences in copy number between elements (from 1 to 100). The genomes of these insects therefore display major differences in the amount of TEs and therefore in their structure and global composition. We emphasize the need for more population genetic data about the activity of TEs, their distribution over chromosomes and their frequencies in natural populations of mosquitoes, to further the current attempts to develop a transgenic mosquito unable to transmit malaria that is intended to replace the natural populations.

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Moose, a new family of LTR‐retrotransposons in the mosquito Anopheles gambiae

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Expression of the telomeric retrotransposon HeT - A in Drosophila melanogaster is correlated with cell proliferation

Expression of the telomeric retrotransposon HeT - A in Drosophila melanogaster is correlated with cell proliferation

An Active Transposable Element, Herves, From the African Malaria Mosquito Anopheles gambiaeSequence data from this article have been deposited with the EMBL/GenBank Data Libraries under accession no. AY462096.

Transposable elements in mosquitoes

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