<i>Mechanical Impedance of the Surface of the Human Body</i>

Franke, Ernst K.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1951.3.10.582

Cited by 35 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…It would be a hopeless task to give an exact description of this complex system with respect to all kinds of excitation of the whole frequency range, not forgetting the fact that there is a great variation as to the individual. Biodynamic models for the human body have, however, been constructed by several authors (for example , Dieckmann 1958, Dieckmann 1959, Edwards & Lange 1964, Franke 1951, Muksian & Nash 1974, O'Hara 1966, Sandover 1971, Suggs et al 1969, Vogt et al 1968, Vogt et al 1973, Weis et al 1964 and have also been authorized in two international standards (ISO 5982 1981, ISO 7962 1987. For the hand and arm no international standard has been presented, but in the working-group ISO/TC 108/SC 4/WG 5 -"Biodynamic modelling" -such a standard is in preparation.…”

Section: Theory For Vibration Energy Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption of vibration energy in the human hand and arm

1994

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A possible basis for the risk assessment for hand-transmitted vibration may be to determine the amount of energy absorbed in the human hand and arm. In the present study, the mechanical energy absorption in the hand-arm system was measured within the frequency range of 4 to 1000 Hz. The study was carried out on ten healthy subjects during exposure to sinusoidal vibration. The influence of various experimental conditions, such as vibration direction (Xh, Yh, Zh), grip force (25-75 N), vibration level (8-45 mm/srms), and hand-arm posture were studied. The outcome shows that the energy absorption in the human hand and arm depended mainly on the frequency and direction of the vibration stimulus. Higher vibration levels, as well as firmer handgrips, resulted in higher absorption of energy. Varying hand-arm postures had only a small influence on the amount of absorbed energy, while the constitution of the hand and arm affected the energy absorption to a larger extent.

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Section: Theory For Vibration Energy Estimationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Absorption of vibration energy in the human hand and arm

1994

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“…It is a small driving point impedance probe which is placed in direct contact with the pia-arachnoid through a hole in the skull. In vivo tests such as this have been performed on the surfaces of the human body, such as the thigh and the upper arm, by Franke (1951) and von Gierke et al (1952). The effects of blood pressure on dynamic behavior and postmortem changes in properties can be studied with the probe.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic mechanical properties of human brain tissue

Fallenstein

Hulce

Melvin

1969

Journal of Biomechanics

241

132

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Investigators have been studying the mechanical phenomena associated with impact to the head for many years. Several theories on the behavior of the brain during head impact have come from these studies but there has been a notable lack of information on the bulk mechanical properties of the brain which are necessary for the evaluation of these theories. This paper represents an initial attempt at providing such information. The dynamic complex shear modulus of in vitro samples of human brain have been measured. Specimens from eight brains have been subjected to a sinusoidal shear stress input under resonant conditions in an electro-mechanical test device. Tests were conducted to determine the effects of time after death, refrigeration of material and shear strain dependence. A device to measure the dynamic properties of brain in vivo is described and preliminary data on in vivo tests on Rhesus monkeys is presented. The results of the dynamic shear-testing on in vitro human brain indicate that the storage modulus G' lies between 6-l 1 X 103 dyn/cm2, the loss modulus G" lies between 3.5-6.0 x LO3 dyn/cm2 and the loss tangent tan 6 is in the range 0.40-0.55.

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“…Default mechanical properties for the neck skin were taken from early studies [57], [60]. Mechanical properties for the accelerometer loading were based on the accelerometer described in Section III, with a mass per unit area of M acc / A acc = 0.26 g · cm −2 .…”

Section: Subglottal Impedance-based Inverse Filteringmentioning

confidence: 99%

Subglottal Impedance-Based Inverse Filtering of Voiced Sounds Using Neck Surface Acceleration

Zañartu

Mehta

et al. 2013

IEEE Trans. Audio Speech Lang. Process.

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A model-based inverse filtering scheme is proposed for an accurate, non-invasive estimation of the aerodynamic source of voiced sounds at the glottis. The approach, referred to as subglottal impedance-based inverse filtering (IBIF), takes as input the signal from a lightweight accelerometer placed on the skin over the extrathoracic trachea and yields estimates of glottal airflow and its time derivative, offering important advantages over traditional methods that deal with the supraglottal vocal tract. The proposed scheme is based on mechano-acoustic impedance representations from a physiologically-based transmission line model and a lumped skin surface representation. A subject-specific calibration protocol is used to account for individual adjustments of subglottal impedance parameters and mechanical properties of the skin. Preliminary results for sustained vowels with various voice qualities show that the subglottal IBIF scheme yields comparable estimates with respect to current aerodynamics-based methods of clinical vocal assessment. A mean absolute error of less than 10% was observed for two glottal airflow measures –maximum flow declination rate and amplitude of the modulation component– that have been associated with the pathophysiology of some common voice disorders caused by faulty and/or abusive patterns of vocal behavior (i.e., vocal hyperfunction). The proposed method further advances the ambulatory assessment of vocal function based on the neck acceleration signal, that previously have been limited to the estimation of phonation duration, loudness, and pitch. Subglottal IBIF is also suitable for other ambulatory applications in speech communication, in which further evaluation is underway.

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Mechanical Impedance of the Surface of the Human Body

Cited by 35 publications

References 0 publications

Absorption of vibration energy in the human hand and arm

Absorption of vibration energy in the human hand and arm

Dynamic mechanical properties of human brain tissue

Subglottal Impedance-Based Inverse Filtering of Voiced Sounds Using Neck Surface Acceleration

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