<i>Matthiola Incana</i>

Frost, Howard B.

doi:10.1073/pnas.17.8.499

Cited by 10 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…The lowest and highest numbers of bivalent and quadrivalent chromosomes were both observed in the 'Nobel' cultivar. This finding is consistent with the results obtained by previous work with aneuploid stock flower plants (Frost, 1931).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Early Selection of Double Flowers Based on Cotyledon Shape in Cut Stock (Matthiola incana L.) Flowers

Irani,

Arab

2017

HST

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Selection of double-flowered plants at the seedling stage is one of the main purposes of stock breeding programs. Eight stock cultivars of Matthiola incana L. named 'Nobel', 'Cinderella', 'Pacific', 'Avalanche', 'Midblue', 'Lavender', 'Goddess' and 'Esfahan', with different percentage of double-flowered plants were used for examining the relationship with three morphological types of cotyledons. The results of a chi-square test indicated that in heartshaped (HC) and cup-shaped cotyledon (CC) populations, the number of plants with double flowers was much more than that of single flowers and CC seedlings rarely produced single flowers. Therefore, increasing the number of CC seedlings can improve the percentage of double flowers. The highest and lowest numbers of CC seedling were observed in high double and single flower cultivars, respectively. Single flower cultivars showed the maximum count of dumbbell-shaped cotyledons. Chromosome pairing of these cultivars was evaluated using the squash technique. Aneuploid cells were found in 'Nobel' and 'Goddess' cultivars, which showed the highest percentage of CC seedling. Based on morphological measurements, the highest value of inflorescence size was observed in the seedlings with cup-shaped cotyledons. The authors of the present research wish to acknowledge Mr. Momeni, the head of the cytology laboratory at Aburaihan College for his kindness in providing the required facilities and equipment for chromosome counting. Special thanks also go to Tehran University authorities and Sabzparvar Co. for financially supporting of this study.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Early Selection of Double Flowers Based on Cotyledon Shape in Cut Stock (Matthiola incana L.) Flowers

Irani,

Arab

2017

HST

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“…In the present study, frequency of trisomic plants further reduced when they were used as pollen parent. Higher rate of trisomy transmission through seed (female) parent than pollen (male) parent was also reported in Datura stramonium (Blakeslee and Furnham 1923), Matthiola incana (Frost 1931), tomato (Rick et al 1964), barley (Tsuchiya 1967, Das andBhowmik 1971), jute (Iyer 1968), sorghum (Liang 1979), rye grass (Meijer and Ahloowalia 1981), pearl millet (Minocha et al 1976, Plantago lagopus (Sharma et al 1985), certain trisomics of rice (Khush et al 1984, Hee-Jong et al 1993, Arabidopsis thaliana (vide Meyerowitz and Somerville 1994), Soybean (Xu et al 2000) and in cabbage (Zhang et al 2007) although opposite trend was noticed in tomato (Lesley 1932), maize (McClintock 1929), tobacco (Goodspeed andAvery 1939, 1941), spinach (Tabushi 1958) and Lotus pedunculatus (Chen and Grant 1968). Low rate of transmission of extra chromosome through pollen parent has been due to slower growth of nϩ1 pollen tube than those of n grain (Buchholz and Blakeslee 1922), poor ability of nϩ1 pollen grains to germinate, delayed maturity and pollen sterility (Ramage 1965).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

Seven Different Primary Trisomics In Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.). II. Pattern of Transmission

Talukdar

Biswas

2008

CYTOLOGIA

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SummaryThe seven different primary trisomics, isolated by the present authors in grass pea (Lathyrus sativus L.) transmitted at reduced rate than the expected 50% in the progeny of selfed trisomics and in the intercrossed progeny of trisomics and diploid plants (2nϭ14). Among the trisomics, type-IV (ternate-verticillate leaflet) exhibited the highest transmission rate (29.3%) while it was minimum (16.0%) in case of type V (alternate leaflet) in selfed progeny. When trisomic plant was used as seed parent during intercrossing with normal diploids, rate of transmission of trisomy was found to be higher than when it was used as pollen parent. Several factors like seed size, rate of germination and survival of seedlings, trivalent/univalent frequency and pollen sterility might affect the transmission of trisomics in grass pea. Small, light-weight seeds germinated poorly and survival of its seedlings was not good at all but higher number of trisomic plants appeared from small sized seeds than from large, heavy weight seeds although it germinated and survived at better rate than small seeds. Higher frequency of trivalent during metaphase-I as well as transmission rate of extra chromosome were encountered in trisomics I, II, IV and VI than types III and V where univalents appeared more frequently than trivalents at microsporocytes. Among the trivalents, frying pan configuration was the lowest in type IV showing highest rate of transmission, while this configuration was maximum in PMCs of type V exhibiting lowest rate of transmission. Increased frequency of trivalent led to high incidence of pollen sterility and influenced rate of transmission of the extra chromosome in trisomic plants through anaphasic disturbances.

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“…Frost and Mann (1924) had reported that the morphological marker of long and wide leaves was a marker of a cultivar with a high double stock production rate. Previous investigations on the stock flower had shown changes of morphological characteristics in stock plants that give an especially high proportion of double-flowered progenies (Frost andLesley 1927, Emsweller et al 1937). According to Frost and Lesley's study (1927) Fig.…”

Section: -Reproductive Traitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on these studies, the basic chromosomal number (n = 7, 2n = 2x = 14) was reported for this plant (Allen 1924, Frost andLesley 1927). Frost (1931) identified aneuploidy in a plant called "Snowflake" with 86% double-flowered progenies: cytological investigation determined additional chromosomes in this type. Philp and Huskins (1931) reported that this additional chromosome had a V shape that was eliminated during meiotic division but remained in mitosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic behaviour and morpho-phenological variation in cut stock (Matthiola incanaL.) flower

Irani

Arab

2017

Folia Horticulturae

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Morpho-phenological and meiotic studies were performed in twelve cultivars of Matthiola incana. All of the cultivars were diploid (2n = 2x = 14) with basic chromosome number x = 7. A number of aneuploid PMCs (n + 1) were observed in plants of two cultivars, named 'Nobel' (NB) and 'Goddess' (GD), at the diakinesis stage. Trisomic individuals with the frequency of 20% and 5% and (2n + 1 = 15) somatic chromosomes were observed in seeds obtained from single-flowered plants of the cultivars NB and GD, respectively. An additional chromosome was mostly observed in the form of a chain trivalent or a rod univalent. Various meiotic abnormalities were found in all the cultivars to different degrees. In these cultivars, the percentage of cells with meiotic abnormalities was higher in anaphase I. Cytomixis was observed for the first time in Matthiola incana. ANOVA tests revealed significant differences in morpho-phenological characteristics. 'Nobel' differs from the others in all of the vegetative features investigated in this study. All the cultivars studied except 'Nobel' and 'Pacific Crimson' possessed high pollen fertility (> 90%). Five groups of the cultivars based on morpho-phenological features disagree with the clustering of cultivars based on meiotic traits. It is thought that the various morpho-phenological features observed among the cultivars could be due to their different genetic background and not only to meiotic anomalies.Ke y wor d s: aneuploidy, chiasma frequency, chromosome pairing, pollen fertility, vegetative and floral traits

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Matthiola Incana

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Early Selection of Double Flowers Based on Cotyledon Shape in Cut Stock (Matthiola incana L.) Flowers

Early Selection of Double Flowers Based on Cotyledon Shape in Cut Stock (Matthiola incana L.) Flowers

Seven Different Primary Trisomics In Grass Pea (Lathyrus sativus L.). II. Pattern of Transmission

Meiotic behaviour and morpho-phenological variation in cut stock (Matthiola incanaL.) flower

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