MAPK14/p38α Shapes the Molecular Landscape of Endometrial Cancer and promotes Tumorigenic Characteristics

Abstract

The molecular underpinnings ofHighGradeEndometrialCarcinoma (HGEC) metastatic growth and survival are poorly understood. Here we show that ascites-derived and primary tumor HGEC cell lines in 3D spheroid culture faithfully recapitulate key features of malignant peritoneal effusion and exhibit fundamentally distinct transcriptomic, proteomic and metabolomic landscapes when compared with conventional 2D monolayers. Using genetic screening platform we identifyMAPK14(which encodes the protein kinase p38α) as a specific requirement for HGEC in spheroid culture.MAPK14/p38α has broad roles in programing the phosphoproteome, transcriptome and metabolome of HGEC spheroids, yet has negligible impact on monolayer cultures.MAPK14promotes tumorigenicityin vivoand is specifically required to sustain a sub-population of spheroid cells that is enriched in cancer stemness markers. Therefore, spheroid growth of HGEC activates unique biological programs, including p38α signaling, that cannot be captured using 2D culture models and are highly relevant to malignant disease pathology.