The shallow c o r a l r e e f and a l g a l r i d g e systems on t h e e a s t e r n s h e l f o f S t . Croix a r e d e s c r i b e d and mapped i n some d e t a i l . Based on p r e s e n t r e e f morphology, a s e c t i o n through t h e b a r r i e r r e e f i n a s h i p c h a n n e l , numerous sand probes and c14 d a t i n g , Holocene growth p a t t e r n s of t h e r e e f s a r e determined and a model o f Holocene e v o l u t i o n developed. Based on many d r i l l c o r e s through t h e a l g a l r i d g e s , ~1 4 d a t i n g and p a l e o e c o l ogy r e l a t i v e t o modern r i d g e and r e e f s u r f a c e s on S t . Croix, growth p a t t e r n s d u r i n g t h e l a t e Holocene a r e a l s o developed f o r t h e a l g a l r i d g e s .
Lithophyllum congestum, P o r o l i t h o n pachydemum, and s e v e r a l sg o n i o l i t h o n s p e c i e s a r e t h e primary a l g a l r i d g e b u i l d e r s on S t . Croix.
L. congestum r e q u i r e s t u r b u l e n t w a t e r and high l i g h t i n t e n s i t y t o a c h i e v et h e b r a n c h i n g form which c h a r a c t e r i z e s i t s occurrence i n t h e a l g a l r i d g e s . Also, c o r a l l i n e a c c r e t i o n r a t e s o f 3-6 rnm/year n e c e s s a r y f o r r i d g e cons t r u c t i o n a r e achieved o n l y i f i n t e n s i v e p a r r o t f i s h and Diadema g r a z i n g a r e p r e v e n t e d by c o n s i s t e n t and i n t e n s i v e wave a c t i o n . A dead c o r a l s u r f a c e o r pavement a t a d e p t h of 0 t o 2 m ,