<i>Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonenis</i>Infection, Suriname

Meide, Wendy van der; Vries, Henry De; Pratlong, Francine; Wal, Allard C. van der; Sabajo, Leslie O. A.

doi:10.3201/eid1405.070433

Cited by 14 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…flaviscutellata constituted approximately 10, 4, and 1%, respectively, of the total number of captured sand flies, and are proven vectors of L. (V.) lainsoni [21], L. (V.) guyanensis [9], and L. (L.) amazonensis [9], respectively. Together, these findings are well in agreement with the identification of the various Leishmania species as causative agents of leishmaniasis in Suriname [10,12-14], providing a plausible explanation for their presence in the country.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…A possible candidate is Lutzomyia umbratilis [10], the proven vector of L. (V.) guyanensis in other countries of the Amazon basin [9,11], and this sand fly species is also present in Suriname [10]. In addition, other Leishmania species have recently been identified in Suriname, including L. (V.) lainsoni and L. (L.) amazonensis [12], L. (V.) naiffi [13], as well as L. (V.) braziliensis [14]. The sand fly species transmitting these Leishmania species have also been identified in other Amazonian countries, but not in Suriname [9,15].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Studies on the sand fly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in high-transmission areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Republic of Suriname

et al. 2013

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BackgroundSand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) are the vectors of Leishmania parasites, the causative agents of leishmaniasis. Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an increasing public health problem in the Republic of Suriname and is mainly caused by Leishmania (Vianna) guyanensis, but L. (V.) braziliensis, L. (L.) amazonensis, and L. (V.) naiffi also infect humans. Transmission occurs predominantly in the forested hinterland of the country. Information regarding the potential vectors of leishmaniasis in Suriname is limited. This study aims to broaden the knowledge about vectors involved in the transmission of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Suriname. For this purpose, sand flies were characterized in various foci of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the country, the districts of Para, Brokopondo, and Sipaliwini.MethodsSand flies were collected in areas around mining plots and villages using CDC light traps in the period between February 2011 and March 2013. They were categorized by examination of the spermathecea (females) and the external genitalia (males).ResultsA total of 2,743 sand fly specimens belonging to 34 different species were captured, including four species (Lutzomyia aragaoi, Lu. ayrozai, Lu. damascenoi, and Lu. sordellii) that had never before been described for Suriname. Five percent of the catch comprised Lu. squamiventris sensu lato, one female of which was positive with L. (V.) braziliensis and was captured in a gold mining area in Brokopondo. Other sand fly species found positive for Leishmania parasites were Lu. trichopyga, Lu. ininii, and Lu. umbratilis, comprising 32, 8, and 4%, respectively, of the catch. These were captured at gold mining areas in Brokopondo and Sipaliwini, but the Leishmania parasites they had ingested could not be identified due to insufficient amounts of DNA.ConclusionsThe sand fly fauna in Suriname is highly diverse and comprises Lutzomyia species capable of transmitting Leishmania parasites. Four new Lutzomyia species have been found, and four species - Lu. squamiventris (s.l.), Lu. trichopyga, Lu. ininii, and Lu. umbratilis - have been found to harbor Leishmania parasites. The latter were among the most abundant species captured. These observations may contribute to the understanding of leishmaniasis transmission and the development of control programs in Suriname.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on the sand fly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in high-transmission areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Republic of Suriname

et al. 2013

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“…However, these results still show that PI was not effective in about a quarter of the patients. This has been reported previously, and has been attributed to infections with other Leishmania species . The identification in the current study of L .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…guyanensis has yet to be demonstrated. However, PI is not always effective, possibly because of infections with other Leishmania species . Molecular characterization of the parasites, particularly with PCR‐based methods, is the most sensitive single diagnostic test for CL .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Monitoring the response of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis to treatment with pentamidine isethionate by quantitative real-time PCR, and identification ofLeishmaniaparasites not responding to therapy

Mans

Kent

Hu³

et al. 2015

Clin Exp Dermatol

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SummaryBackground. Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis is believed to be the principal cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Suriname. This disease is treated with pentamidine isethionate (PI), but treatment failure has increasingly been reported. Aim. To evaluate PI for its clinical efficacy, to compare parasite load, and to assess the possibility of treatment failure due to other infecting Leishmania species. Methods. Parasite load of patients with CL was determined in skin biopsies using real-time quantitative PCR before treatment and 6 and 12 weeks after treatment. Clinical responses were evaluated at week 12 and compared with parasite load. In parallel, molecular species differentiation was performed. Results. L. (V.) guyanensis was the main infecting species in 129 of 143 patients (about 90%). PI treatment led to a significant decrease (P < 0.001) in parasite counts, and cured about 75% of these patients. Treatment failure was attributable to infections with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonensis and L. (V.) guyanensis (1/92, 1/92 and 22/92 evaluable cases, respectively). There was substantial agreement beyond chance between the parasite load at week 6 and the clinical outcome at week 12, as indicated by the j value of 0.61. Conclusions. L. (V.) guyanensis is the main infecting species of CL in Suriname, followed by L. (V.) braziliensis and L. (L.) amazonensis. Furthermore, patient response to PI can be better anticipated based on the parasite load 6 weeks after the treatment rather than on parasite load before treatment.

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“…1 In Surinam, Leishmania ( Viannia ) guyanensis is the main cause of cutaneous leishmaniasis, though recently cases of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania ( Viannia ) lainsoni and Leishmania ( Leishmania ) amazonensis were reported. 2,3 We describe three military patients who presented with lesions that developed after jungle training in Surinam . With PCR-analysis, 4 all three proved infected with Leishmania naiffi , a Leishmania species not reported before in Surinam.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First Cases of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania (Viannia) naiffi Infection in Surinam

Thiel¹,

Gool²,

Kager³

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Leishmania (Leishmania) amazonenisInfection, Suriname

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

Studies on the sand fly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in high-transmission areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Republic of Suriname

Studies on the sand fly fauna (Diptera: Psychodidae) in high-transmission areas of cutaneous leishmaniasis in the Republic of Suriname

Monitoring the response of patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis to treatment with pentamidine isethionate by quantitative real-time PCR, and identification ofLeishmaniaparasites not responding to therapy

First Cases of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Caused by Leishmania (Viannia) naiffi Infection in Surinam

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