Abstract:Some lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are observed to be potential probiotics with functional properties such as lowering fasting blood glucose (FBG), as a promising hyperglycemia management. This study investigated the ability and mechanism of Lactobacillus rhamnosus BSL and Lactobacillus rhamnosus R23 on lowering FBG in diabetic rats induced by streptozotocin (STZ). The rats were orally administered with L. rhamnosus BSL and L. rhamnosus R23 by giving 1 mL cell suspension (109 CFU/mL) daily for 30 days. The body w… Show more
“…Lactobacillus has been used to improve glucose tolerance independent of weight loss in db/db mice, 34 and, more recently, oral supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus has reduced gluconeogenesis and improved hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. 35 The reduction in glucose tolerance in recipient mice is interesting given that obese donors did not display elevations in fasting glucose or in HbA1C, a marker of chronic glucose levels. These data align with those by Vrieze et al, who demonstrated that transfer of gut microbiota from lean human donors to individuals with metabolic syndrome increased insulin sensitivity in the latter.…”
Recent preclinical data suggest that alterations in the gut microbiota may be an important factor linking obesity to vascular dysfunction, an early sign of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to begin translation of these preclinical data by examining whether vascular phenotypes in humans are transmissible through the gut microbiota. We hypothesized that germ-free mice colonized with gut microbiota from obese individuals would display diminished vascular function compared to germ-free mice receiving microbiota from lean individuals.We transplanted fecal material from obese and lean age-and sex-matched participants with disparate vascular function to germ-free mice. Using Principle Component Analysis, the microbiota of colonized mice separated by donor group along the first principle component, accounting for between 70-93% of the total variability in the dataset. The microbiota of mice receiving transplants from lean individuals was also characterized by increased alpha diversity, as well as increased relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides ovatis. Endothelium-dependent dilation, aortic pulse wave velocity and glucose tolerance were significantly altered in mice receiving microbiota from the obese donor relative to those receiving microbiota from the lean donor or those remaining germ-free.These data indicate that the obesity-associated human gut microbiota is sufficient to alter the vascular phenotype in germ-free mice in the absence of differences in body weight or dietary manipulation, and provide justification for future clinical trials to test the efficacy of microbiotatargeted therapies in the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular disease.
“…Lactobacillus has been used to improve glucose tolerance independent of weight loss in db/db mice, 34 and, more recently, oral supplementation with Lactobacillus rhamnosus has reduced gluconeogenesis and improved hyperglycemia in diabetic rats. 35 The reduction in glucose tolerance in recipient mice is interesting given that obese donors did not display elevations in fasting glucose or in HbA1C, a marker of chronic glucose levels. These data align with those by Vrieze et al, who demonstrated that transfer of gut microbiota from lean human donors to individuals with metabolic syndrome increased insulin sensitivity in the latter.…”
Recent preclinical data suggest that alterations in the gut microbiota may be an important factor linking obesity to vascular dysfunction, an early sign of cardiovascular disease. The purpose of this study was to begin translation of these preclinical data by examining whether vascular phenotypes in humans are transmissible through the gut microbiota. We hypothesized that germ-free mice colonized with gut microbiota from obese individuals would display diminished vascular function compared to germ-free mice receiving microbiota from lean individuals.We transplanted fecal material from obese and lean age-and sex-matched participants with disparate vascular function to germ-free mice. Using Principle Component Analysis, the microbiota of colonized mice separated by donor group along the first principle component, accounting for between 70-93% of the total variability in the dataset. The microbiota of mice receiving transplants from lean individuals was also characterized by increased alpha diversity, as well as increased relative abundance of potentially beneficial bacteria, including Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus, and Bacteroides ovatis. Endothelium-dependent dilation, aortic pulse wave velocity and glucose tolerance were significantly altered in mice receiving microbiota from the obese donor relative to those receiving microbiota from the lean donor or those remaining germ-free.These data indicate that the obesity-associated human gut microbiota is sufficient to alter the vascular phenotype in germ-free mice in the absence of differences in body weight or dietary manipulation, and provide justification for future clinical trials to test the efficacy of microbiotatargeted therapies in the prevention or treatment of cardiovascular disease.
“…[22,23] Additionally, supplementation of Lactobacillus may benefit T1D www.advancedsciencenews.com www.mnf-journal.com patients. [24] There are several proposed mechanisms through which Lactobacillus improves glucose metabolism, including decreasing inflammatory status, improving insulin signaling, and SCFAs production. [25][26][27] In this study, we did find that goat milk consumption (at 5 and 10 g kg −1 doses) decreased the levels of TNF-, which is an indicator of inflammatory status (Table 2).…”
Scope
Previously, the metabolic benefits of goat milk consumption in high‐fat diet‐fed rats are demonstrated. However, the effects are only reported in one animal model and the involvement of gut microbiota is not investigated. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of goat milk consumption on glucose homeostasis and gut microbiota in streptozocin (STZ)‐induced diabetic rats.
Methods and Results
STZ‐induced diabetic rats are fed with three dosages of goat milk: 2.5, 5, and 10 g kg−1. Parameters related to glucose homeostasis, hepatic and skeletal muscle AMP‐activated protein kinase (AMPK) activation, and gut microbiota are investigated. The dose of 10 g kg−1 exerts more metabolic benefits. Goat milk consumption improves fasting glucose levels, glucose tolerance, insulin sensitivity, and promotes hepatic and skeletal muscle AMPK activation in STZ‐injected diabetic rats. Goat milk modulates gut microbiota, increases the relative abundance of Lactobacillus, and augments levels of propionic and butyric acids.
Conclusion
This study demonstrates the metabolic benefits of goat milk consumption in STZ‐induced diabetic rats, which is consistent with the previous observations in high‐fat diet‐induced diabetic rats. Furthermore, this study elucidates the modulation of gut microbiota by goat milk, which likely mediates the metabolic effects of goat milk.
“…L. rhamnosus BSL and L. rhamnosus R23, when administered in STZ-induced diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats, led to elevated LAB levels after 30 days of probiotic supplementation and improved glucose tolerance and glucose control, as FBG was significantly reduced. After probiotic treatment, there was a decrease in TC and in atherogenic index [ 130 ].…”
Over the last decades, the incidence of diabetes has increased in developed countries and beyond the genetic impact, environmental factors, which can trigger the activation of the gut immune system, seem to affect the induction of the disease process. Since the composition of the gut microbiome might disturb the normal interaction with the immune system and contribute to altered immune responses, the restoration of normal microbiota composition constitutes a new target for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Thus, the interaction of gut microbiome and diabetes, focusing on mechanisms connecting gut microbiota with the occurrence of the disorder, is discussed in the present review. Finally, the challenge of functional food diet on maintaining intestinal health and microbial flora diversity and functionality, as a potential tool for the onset inhibition and management of the disease, is highlighted by reporting key animal studies and clinical trials. Early onset of the disease in the oral cavity is an important factor for the incorporation of a functional food diet in daily routine.
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