<i>KRAS</i> mutations: Does ethnicity play a role?

Mehdi, Itrat; Abdulmonem, Essam; Bahrani, Bassim Al

doi:10.1200/jco.2014.32.15_suppl.e14628

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Furthermore, this study is among the largest ones that have been performed in the Middle East and Arab world. 13 – 16 , 18 – 20 Finally, this study is mostly limited by being retrospective. The results should be interpreted with caution especially since the biomarkers were not analysed completely in all the patients, which introduced the possibility of selection bias.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer in a Middle Eastern population in a single institution

Ibrahim

Saer-Ghorra

Trak-Smayra

et al. 2018

Annals of Saudi Medicine

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BACKGROUNDThe few studies of the molecular biology of colorectal cancer (CRC) in Middle Eastern populations have included only small samples of patients.OBJECTIVEEvaluate the frequency and prognostic effect of RAS, BRAF, PIK3CA, PTEN, and EGFR somatic mutations as well as mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency in Lebanese Middle Eastern patients.DESIGNRetrospective single-center descriptive study.SETTINGLebanese Middle Eastern patients in a tertiary medical center.METHODSWe included all patients diagnosed with CRC between January 2010 and December 2015, in whom RAS mutational status and the expression of MLH1 and MSH2 proteins were available.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURESGenetic mutations detected by direct sequencing while MMR protein expression was evaluated by immunohistochemistry.SAMPLE SIZE645 patients.RESULTSRAS, BRAF, EGFR, PI3KCA, and PTEN mutation rates were 38.5%,12.9%, 0%, 11.1% and 0% respectively. The MMR deficiency rate was 20.6%. No factor was associated with RAS mutation whereas MMR-deficient tumors were less likely to be metastatic at diagnosis. Among patients with wild-type RAS females fared better than males (median overall survival [OS]=1734 vs 1079 days respectively, P=.015) even after adjustment for confounding factors by Cox regression analysis. This finding was not reproduced in the RAS-mutated group. The median OS of patients with MMR-deficient tumors was not reached, while the median OS was 2475 days in patients who had maintained expression of both MLH1 and MSH2.CONCLUSIONThe RAS mutation rate was similar to Western and East Asian countries, but not for the BRAF mutation and MMR deficiency. We also found a prognostic effect for sex in the RAS wild-type group, a finding worthy of further exploration.LIMITATIONSRetrospective, single center and small sample size. Expression of MSH6 and PMS2 not analyzed.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… 10 – 12 However, the few studies that have been reported in Middle Eastern populations included only small samples of patients. 13 – 20 …”

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confidence: 99%

Molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer in a Middle Eastern population in a single institution

Ibrahim

Saer-Ghorra

Trak-Smayra

et al. 2018

Annals of Saudi Medicine

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“…In our review, considering all stages, noticeably lower frequencies of mutation have been reported in Pakistan (13%) [19], Morocco (24%) [22] and one study from Saudi Arabia (28%) [14], while higher frequencies have been reported in other studies from Saudi Arabia (56% & 41%) [13,18], Turkey (33%, 44% & 45%) [12,15,17] and Jordan (44%) [20]. In Oman, a ME country in the Gulf region, the frequency of mutation in 100 patients with unreported stage was 31% [21].…”

Section: Geographic Differences In Kras Mutation Ratesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Frequency and Clinical Impact of KRAS Mutations in Patients with Colorectal Cancer from the Middle East

Zekri

Karim²,

Alshehri

et al. 2016

J. Anal. Oncol.

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Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a significant healthcare burden worldwide and in the Middle East (ME). KRAS mutation confers resistance to epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors in the treatment of advanced CRC. Data regarding the rate of KRAS mutation from the ME are scattered and scarce. We aim to collect and review all sizable studies evaluating the frequency of KRAS mutations in CRC patients from the ME. Method:A Pubmed and Google Scholar search was conducted using keywords including KRAS, K-ras, colorectal cancer and Middle East, along with names of each ME country. Studies including over 90 patients were included in the review.Result: Eleven studies containing more than 90 patients were identified. Among all eleven studies, KRAS mutation rate ranged from 13 to 56%. Five studies reported KRAS mutation rate in M1 stage either exclusively or as part of subgroup analysis. In these studies, mutations were found in 8-45% of cases. KRAS mutations were associated with female gender, M1 stage and high CEA in 3, 2, and 1 studies respectively. Conclusion:There is a broad range of variability in KRAS mutation rate reported in different studies from the ME. This may have been due to small number of patients in the studies and lack of centralized testing for KRAS mutations. Larger and more coordinated studies from the ME population are required to ascertain the accuracy of KRAS mutation rate.

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“…Ethnicity has been proven to play a big role in influencing the prevalence of KRAS mutations, especially in colorectal cancer and lung adenocarcinoma [39]. For example, multiple studies have confirmed that Asian populations consistently retain a lower prevalence in KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma compared to non-Asians with significant differences, the highest of which, to our knowledge, was a 32.9% vs. 9.3% prevalence rate in non-Asian vs. Asian KRAS mutation rates in lung adenocarcinoma patients [40][41][42][43].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

KRAS G12C-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Adenocarcinoma: First Documented Report in the Arabian Gulf

Alsulaiman¹,

Alharthi²,

Albariqi³

et al. 2022

Cureus

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We report the first documented case series of two lung adenocarcinoma patients demonstrating Kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog (KRAS) G12C mutations by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction techniques from Saudi Arabia. Both patients were males aged 64 and 76 years. The first had a heavy smoking history, while the second did not report any history of smoking. The tumor subtype was identified to be non-mucinous lung adenocarcinoma in both cases. The younger patient presented with generalized lymphadenopathy and a right-sided lung mass lesion, while the older patient exhibited stage III-A left lung adenocarcinoma that required rapid response. An initial examination of the first case showed a right-sided mediastinal shift, bilateral neck lymphadenopathy, and poorly differentiated neoplasm from a right supraclavicular core biopsy, leading to treatment with palliatives along with regular checkups. The second case was afebrile after being confirmed to be vitally stable and laboratory testing (Neutr 100). Further studies, specifically on large numbers of patients from the Arabian Gulf, are needed to confirm significant differences between the national and international populations. Additionally, future studies should investigate more differences in the differentiation of KRAS-mutant lung adenocarcinoma between patients from the Arabian Gulf and others.

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KRAS mutations: Does ethnicity play a role?

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer in a Middle Eastern population in a single institution

Molecular characteristics of colorectal cancer in a Middle Eastern population in a single institution

Frequency and Clinical Impact of KRAS Mutations in Patients with Colorectal Cancer from the Middle East

KRAS G12C-Mutant Non-Small-Cell Lung Adenocarcinoma: First Documented Report in the Arabian Gulf

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