In vivo metal‐ion release from porous titanium‐fiber material

Abstract

Dense and porous Ti, Ti-alloy, and stainless steel specimens were implanted in canine trabecular bone. After 6 and 12 months the specimens were retrieved together with bone tissue immediately adjacent. The trace metal content in the tissue samples was determined using neutron activation analysis, differential pulse polarography, graphite furnace atomic-absorption spectrophotometry, electron microprobe analysis, and laser microprobe analysis. The results are discussed in view of (i) the release of Ti ions, which is larger for porous than for bulk specimens, (ii) the various artifacts arising in electron microprobe (EMP) and laser microprobe mass analysis (LAMMA) determination of compositional gradients of trace metal-ion content in bone tissue, (iii) the absence of measurable quantities of V in bone tissue, and (iv) the difference in local tissue accumulation between Ti, released from Ti specimens, and Ni, released from stainless steel specimens.

Surface analysis of failed oral titanium implants

“…It has been hypothesized that the oxide growth could be induced by oxidizing radicals liberated by cells undergoing metabolic processes at the interface. 24,26 -28 These oxidative processes could be responsible for the release of Ti ions (indeed negligible) observed in vivo 29,30 and were considered to be indicative of biological activity of Ti. 23,26 -28 Based on in vitro observations, it has also been hypothesized that hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) released during an inflammatory process may react with the Ti surface, thus forming a Tigel.…”

In vivo evaluation of titanium oxide and hydroxyapatite as an artificial cornea skirt

“…Material dissolution results from a breakdown in passivity in a highly unstable environment, e.g. concomitant bacterial infection and extreme pH [21][22][23]. Hence, the long-term stability of a biomaterial is attributed to its electrochemical passivity and avoidance of material dissolution in a physiological environment.…”

Fabrication of strongly attached hydroxyapatite coating on titanium by hydrothermal treatment of Ti–Zn–PO4 coated titanium in CaCl2 solution

“…The effect of HAp coating on bone repair and integration of Ti has been a topic of scientific studies since the early 1980s [17,44,45]. HAp, coatings on Ti substrate, aimed at optimizing of implants biocompatibility by combination of mechanical stability for metallic substrate and bioactivity for HAp coating [46][47][48].…”

“…However, it is proven that large quantity of Ti ions are released when implanted into the body [17]. Ti ion level reach a plateau at about 3 years after implantation, and the fact does not exclude the possibility that toxic effects would be manifested with longer follow-up [18].…”