<i>In vivo</i> location of the human vermiform appendix

O'Connor, Catherine E.; Reed, William P.

doi:10.1002/ca.980070305

Cited by 12 publications

(6 citation statements)

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“…Two studies reported the frequency of the appendiceal position in the normal and inflamed appendix groups, although it did not find a statistically significant difference between the two groups (9,19). However, our results revealed a statistically significant difference between the normal and inflamed subgroups in the preileal, postileal, subileal, and subcecal positions (Table 1).…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 75%

In VivoLocation of the Vermiform Appendix in Multidetector CT

Lee

Choi

et al. 2014

J Korean Soc Radiol

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This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.Purpose: To provide a more detailed classification system regarding the position of the vermiform appendix within the right lower quadrant, as seen on multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and to investigate the relative differences in frequency of appendiceal position according to patient gender and the pathologic state of appendix. Materials and Methods: Between January 2008 and December 2010, 1157 patients were included in our final analysis: 542 patients with preoperative MDCT and subsequent appendectomy and 615 patients with visible appendix seen on MDCT performed as part of a health checkup. We classified the appendix according to its position relative to the cecum, the terminal ileum, and the external iliac vessels: type 1: antececal; type 2: preileal; type 3: postileal; type 4: subileal; type 5: subcecal; type 6: deep pelvic; type 7: retrocecal; and type 8: paracecal. Results: The relative incidence of various positions of the appendix found in all of our study patients was: type 1: 3.5%; type 2: 1.7%; type 3: 9.0%; type 4: 12.9%; type 5: 42.3%; type 6: 16.2%; type 7: 10.9%; and type 8: 3.0%. According to patient gender, type 1 (male: 3.7% vs. female: 3.3%), type 3 (8.6% vs. 9.8%), type 4 (14.3% vs. 9.8%), type 5 (47.5% vs. 32.7%), type 7 (9.2% vs. 14.4%), and type 8 (3.4% vs. 2.2%) positions showed a statistically significant male predominance. In terms of the inflamed state, type 2 preileal (normal: 0.8% vs. inflamed: 2.8%), type 3 (10.2% vs. 7.6%), type 4 (14.0% vs. 11.6%), and type 5 (14.1% vs. 18.5%) positions showed a statistically significant difference. Conclusion: Contrary to the common assumption that the retrocecal appendix is the most common position, the in vivo appendix is seen more often on MDCT in the subcecal and deep pelvic positions. The relative frequency of various positions of the appendix can also differ according to patient gender and the pathologic state. Index terms MDCT TechniqueCT examinations were performed using a Definition AS+ 128-detector-row CT scanner (Siemens Medical Solutions, Forchheim, Germany) after injection of intravenous contrast medium (Iopromide, Ultravist 300; Bayer Healthcare, Berlin, Germany).The images were acquired during the portal venous phase (70-s delay after contrast injection; 100 kVp; 220 mAs; pitch, 1.25; and gantry speed, 0.5 s per rotation) and included the region from the dome of the diaphragm to the symphysis pubis. CareDose 4D

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 75%

In VivoLocation of the Vermiform Appendix in Multidetector CT

Lee

Choi

et al. 2014

J Korean Soc Radiol

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“…Subjects with any gross abnormalities of abdominal organs, fibrosis, kinking or adhesions, and history of abdominal surgery were excluded. Following resection of the anterior abdominal wall, the position of the base of vermiform appendix was determined using the schema derived by [ 13 ] ( Figure 1 ). Representative photographs were taken using a Fujifilm A235 digital camera.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the Position and Length of the Vermiform Appendix in a Black Kenyan Population

et al. 2014

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Background. Topography of the appendix influences its mobility, degree of mobilization of the cecum, and need for additional muscle splitting during appendectomy. Although appendectomy is a common surgical procedure, there is a paucity of data on its topography in black Africans. Methods. The position and length of the appendix and relation of the appendicular base with spinoumbilical line were determined in 48 cadavers obtained from the Department of Human Anatomy, University of Nairobi, Kenya. Results. The commonest appendicular types in males were retrocecal 10 (27%) while in females was subileal 4 (36.4%). The average length of the appendix was 76.5 ± 23.6 mm. The base of the appendix was located along, below, and above the spinoumbilical line in 25 (52.1%), 9 (18.8%), and 14 (29.2%) cases, respectively. Conclusion. The topography of appendix in Kenyans shows variations from other populations. Knowledge of these variations is important during appendicectomy.

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“…This is a problem seen with open appendectomies as well [14], but stresses the need for careful laparoscopic dissection and identification of landmarks prior to appendiceal division. Fortunately, the tip of the appendix usually lies free in the peritoneal cavity [15] rather than being behind the cecum, minimizing this risk.…”

Section: Complications and Conversionsmentioning

confidence: 99%