In vivobiocompatibility and biodegradation of a novel thin and mechanically stable collagen scaffold

Abstract

The demand for scaffolds comprised of natural materials such as collagen has increased in recent years. However, many scaffolds rely on chemical or physical modifications in order to comply with the necessary requirements for biomedical engineering. We evaluated the in vivo biocompatibility and biodegradation of a novel, thin, mechanically stable, and chemically non-crosslinked collagen cell carrier (CCC). CCC was implanted subcutaneously into 25 adult Lewis rats and biopsies were taken on days 7, 14, 21, 42, and 84 after surgery. For histological analysis, paraffin sections of implanted skin were immunolabeled for CD68 and stained by hematoxylin-eosin and Masson-Goldner's trichrome method. Macroscopic analysis of skin surface during wound healing process showed a normal physiological reaction. Biodegradation of CCC was completed 42 days after subcutaneous implantation. Histological evaluation revealed no evidence of encapsulation, scar formation, or long-term vascularization and inflammation. The collagen type I based biomaterial demonstrated a high in vivo biocompatibility, low irritability, complete resorption, and replacement by autologous tissue. The in vivo biocompatibility and degradation behavior encourage for further evaluation of CCC in surgical applications and regenerative medicine.

In vivo comparison of jellyfish and bovine collagen sponges as prototype medical devices

“…The changes induced by the implants did not differ significantly in severity from the changes induced by control bovine collagen matrices. This is encouraging, as bovine collagen is well known to be of low antigenicity and tolerated well, and it is incorporated into a wide range of medical applications and devices 13,33,34 and means that the jellyfish collagen implants are showing suitability for the same medical uses.…”

Evaluation of Commonly Used Temporary Skin Dressings and a Newly Developed Collagen Matrix for Treatment of Superficial Wounds

“…It has already demonstrated excellent in vitro and in vivo biocompatibility and was extensively analyzed with regard to its mechanical characteristics and cell biologic properties in cell culture. 16,17 Cell culture experiments with the human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2, human mesenchymal stem cells, and rodent cardiomyocytes demonstrated the in vitro biocompatibility of this chemically nonYcross-linked scaffold. This biomaterial exhibited a high mechanical stability with similar mechanical properties to cross-linked, tendon-fiberY containing scaffolds.…”

“…This scaffold has been extensively studied in previous in vitro and in vivo studies. 16,17 Surgery Surgery was performed under narcosis, using a secure anesthesia, which requires only a single intraperitoneal injection of a combination of fentanyl (0.005 mg/kg of body weight), medetomidine (0.15 mg/kg of body weight), and midazolam (2 mg/kg of body weight). 21 After surgery, the anaesthesia was subcutaneously antagonized with naloxone (0.12 mg/kg of body weight), flumazenil (0.…”

“…14,15 In previous studies, the authors have extensively analyzed the newly developed thin collagen-based cell carrier (CCC) with regard to its mechanical characteristics and cell biologic properties in cell culture and in vivo applications. 16,17 The CCC is 20 Km thin, and the planar scaffold is based on fibrillar, bovine collagen type I. Cell culture experiments with the human osteosarcoma cell line Saos-2, human mesenchymal stem cells, and rodent cardiomyocytes demonstrated the in vitro biocompatibility of this chemically nonY cross-linked scaffold.…”

Improvement of Split Skin Graft Quality Using a Newly Developed Collagen Scaffold as an Underlayment in Full Thickness Wounds in a Rat Model

“…According to previous studies and due to its nature as a collagen scaffold, 3,4 CCC was supposed to support cell adhesion and viability, facilitate cell-matrix interaction, and thus thicken the dermal layer. Therefore, the statistic insignificance between dermal thickness of SSG and SSG with CCC in this study is interesting and might exist as a counterexample.…”