In vivo antitumour potential of camel’s milk against hepatocellular carcinoma in rats and its improvement of cisplatin renal side effects

Abstract

Context: Camel milk (CM) is recommended for liver disease patients in Egypt for a strong belief that it has a curative effect.Objective: The effect of consumption of CM with or without chemotherapeutic drug cisplatin was evaluated on induced hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.Materials and methods: Wistar male rats (56) were divided into eight groups (7 rats each). Group I was control. Hepatocarcinogenesis was initiated by a single dose of intraperitoneal injection of diethylnitrosamine (DENA) (200 mg/kg BW) and promoted by phenobarbitone (500 ppm) in drinking water in groups V, VI, VII and VIII. Treatment started from 28th till 38th week using CM (5 mL/day) and/or cisplatin (5 mg/kg/3 weeks) in groups II, III IV, VI, VII and VIII. Biochemical analysis, lipid peroxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in liver tissue were performed. Histopathology of liver and kidney and immunohistochemistry of placental glutathione-S-transferase (P-GST) in liver were performed and analyzed using image analysis.Results: Albumin concentration and SOD activity were 3.13 ± 0.23 and 311.45 ± 41.71 in group VII (DENA & cisplatin), whereas they were 4.3 ± 0.15 and 540.5 ± 29.94 in group VII (DENA, CM and cisplatin). The mean area of altered hepatocellular foci and P-GST altered foci decreased in group VI (DENA and CM) (1049.6 ± 174.78 and 829.1 ± 261) and group VIII (cisplatin and CM) (1615.12 ± 436 and 543.9 ± 127) compared to group V (DENA only) (4173.74 ± 510.7 and 3169.49 ± 538.61). Cisplatin caused chronic interstitial nephritis, which was slightly alleviated in group VIII (CM and cisplatin).Conclusions: CM had an antioxidant effect and together with cisplatin managed to decrease hepatocarcinogenesis.

Prospective Role of Bioactive Molecules and Exosomes in the Therapeutic Potential of Camel Milk against Human Diseases: An Updated Perspective

“…In parallel, animal experimental data have also demonstrated the inhibitory potential of CM and its constituents against various forms of cancer [77][78][79]. Interestingly, CM has been shown to interfere with the expression of cancer-related mediators at both gene and protein levels [69].…”

“…Various in vitro studies have revealed the inhibitory effects of CM and its constituents against various forms of cancer, apparently through induction of apoptotic pathways [ 2 , 12 , 69 , 72 , 73 , 74 , 75 , 76 ]. In parallel, animal experimental data have also demonstrated the inhibitory potential of CM and its constituents against various forms of cancer [ 77 , 78 , 79 ]. Interestingly, CM has been shown to interfere with the expression of cancer-related mediators at both gene and protein levels [ 69 ].…”

Research Development on Anti-Microbial and Antioxidant Properties of Camel Milk and Its Role as an Anti-Cancer and Anti-Hepatitis Agent

“…Altogether, the inhibitory effect of camel milk and its exosome on cancerous cells is due to the induction of apoptosis and antioxidative effects. It was experimentally proved that cisplatin in combination with camel milk inhibited hepatocarcinogenesis in rats after initiating cancer-inducing diethylnitrosamine, which is again due to the antioxidant effect of camel milk [ 122 ].…”

Camel (Camelus Dromedarius) Milk Antibodies Ameliorated Diethylnitrosamine-Induced Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Wistar Rats

“…It contains a variety of protective proteins like casein, lactoferrin, lysozymes, lactoperoxidase, vitamin C, serum albumin, immunoglobulins (4) which in turn provide camel milk with potential health benefits. There are several reports about the medicinal effects of camel milk and its ingredients; antioxidative, antihypertensive, antimicrobial, and anticancer effects (5)(6)(7)(8). A previous study showed that camel milk might be recommended as a nutrition protein source for children have allergy to cow milk (9).…”

“…Therefore, developing more effective treatment strategies are of paramount importance to prevent or retard the hepatic alterations induced due to hepatocarcinogenesis. In previous studies revealed the antitumor effects of camel milk on chemically-induced hepatocellular carcinoma (7,32). Therefore, our study was designed to investigate the potential antitumor effects of a camel milk constituent (purified total immunoglobulin IgG [CM-IgG]) on DENA-induced hepatocarcinoma in rats.…”