In VivoAntioxidant Action of a Lignan-Enriched Extract ofSchisandraFruit and an Anthraquinone-Containing Extract ofPolygonumRoot in Comparison with Schisandrin B and Emodin

Abstract

The in vivo antioxidant action of a lignan-enriched extract of the fruit of Schisandra chinensis (FS) and an anthraquinone-containing extract of the root of Polygonum multiflorum (PME) was compared with their respective active constituents schisandrin B (Sch B) and emodin by examining their effect on hepatic mitochondrial glutathione antioxidant status in control and carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 )-intoxicated mice. FS and PME pretreatments produced a dose-dependent protection against CCl 4 hepatotoxicity, with the effect of FS being more potent. Pretreatment with Sch B, emodin or alpha-tocopherol (alpha-Toc) also protected against CCl 4 hepatotoxicity, with the effect of Sch B being more potent. The extent of hepatoprotection afforded by FS/Sch B and PME/emodin pretreatment against CCl 4 toxicity was found to correlate well with the degree of enhancement in hepatic mitochondrial glutathione antioxidant status, as evidenced by increases in reduced glutathione level and activities of glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase as well as glutathione S-transferases, in both control and CCl 4 -intoxicated mice. alpha-Toc, which did not enhance mitochondrial glutathione antioxidant status, seemed to be less potent in protecting against CCl 4 hepatotoxicity. The ensemble of results indicates that FS/PME produced a more potent in vivo antioxidant action than alpha-Toc by virtue of their ability to enhance hepatic mitochondrial glutathione antioxidant status and that the differential potency of FS and PME can be attributed to the difference in in vivo antioxidant potential between Sch B and emodin. Abbreviations. ALT:alanine aminotransferases CCl 4 :carbon tetrachloride FS:lignan-enriched extract of Schisandra fruit GRD:glutathione reductase GSH:reduced glutathione GSH-Px: Se-glutathione peroxidase GST:glutathione S-transferases mt:mitochondrial MDA:malondialdehyde PME:anthraquinone-containing fraction of Polygonum root Sch B:schisandrin B SDH:sorbitol dehydrogenase alpha-Toc:alpha-tocopherol

Effects of gomisin A on vascular contraction in rat aortic rings

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The α-iso-cubebenol compound isolated from Schisandra chinensis induces p53-independent pathway-mediated apoptosis in hepatocellular carcinoma cells

“…The ligands have four thrapeutic properties: adaptogenic action, hepatic protection, hepatic stabilization and hepatic regeneration. Adaptogenic action involves specific action mechanisms such as energizing, nervous system stimulation, oxygenation, immune-modulation, anti-oxidation and skin protection (3,(22)(23)(24)(25). Additionally, these lignans reduce hyperlipemia and significantly inhibit the development of arteriosclerosis (26).…”

Schisandrin B Enhances Cerebral Mitochondrial Antioxidant Status and Structural Integrity, and Protects against Cerebral Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury in Rats

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“…7,8) In brief, aliquots (200 ml) of mitochondrial fractions were used for measuring mitochondrial GSH and a-TOC levels by an enzymatic method and HPLC method, respectively, using GSH and a-TOC as standards. The Mn-SOD activity was measured by monitoring the oxidation of cytochrome c caused by superoxide radicals generated from the xanthine oxidase/xanthine reaction.…”