In VitroScreening of Three Indian Medicinal Plants for Their Phytochemicals, Anticholinesterase, Antiglucosidase, Antioxidant, and Neuroprotective Effects

Abstract

Cooccurrence of Diabetes Mellitus and Alzheimer's disease in elder people prompts scientists to develop multitarget agents that combat causes and symptoms of both diseases simultaneously. In line with this modern paradigm and as a follow-up to our previous studies, the present study is designed to investigate the crude methanolic extracts and subsequent CHCl3, n-BuOH, and H2O fractions of Acalypha alnifolia, Pavetta indica, and Ochna obtusata for their inhibitory activities towards specific targets involved in AD and DM, namely, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and α-glucosidase (α-Glc). The methanolic extract and its derived chloroform fractions exhibited remarkable inhibitory capacities with IC50 values being found at the μg/mL level. Further studies on most active chloroform fractions presented a prominent ability to scavenge DPPH and ABTS reactive species and highest neuroprotective effect against H2O2 induced cell injury. Phytochemical analysis showed a large amount of phenolics, flavonoids, and terpenoids in active fractions. In conclusion, A. alnifolia, P. indica, and O. obtusata could be promising sources for the treatment of AD and DM since these fractions induced significant anticholinesterase, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and neuroprotection effects attributable to phenolic, flavonoid, and terpenoid contents and encourage further studies for development of multifunctional therapeutic agent for AD and DM dual therapy.

Rosmarinic acid attenuates inflammation in experimentally induced arthritis in Wistar rats, using Freund’s complete adjuvant

“…Fractions 1‐25 were eluted with chloroform: methanol (95:5), fractions 28‐40 were eluted with chloroform: methanol (90:10), fractions 42‐85 were eluted with chloroform: methanol (80:20), fractions 90‐135 were eluted with chloroform: methanol (75:25), and fractions 140‐165 were eluted with chloroform: methanol (50:50). All the fractions were screened for the presence of various active phytocompounds . All the collected fractions (F 1 ‐F 5 ) were evaluated for in vitro anti‐arthritic activity by inhibition of protein denaturation method (protocol not shown here).…”

Green Synthesis, Characterization and Cholinesterase Inhibitory Potential of Gold Nanoparticles

“…Moreover, AChE and BuChE have been found to be responsible for upregulating the expression of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Thereby dual inhibition of AChE and BuChE could be effective in the management of AD symptoms as it would result in the increase of ACh synaptic levels and the decrease of neurotoxic Aβ fibrils [28,29].Commercially available synthetic drugs used for management of AD have been associated with drawbacks like gastrointestinal disturbances, moderate effectiveness, high cost and short half-life [30]. Natural product-based compounds have been increasingly explored for better effects.…”

Methanol Extract of Aerial Parts of Pavetta indica L. Enhances the Cytotoxic Effect of Doxorubicin and Induces Radiation Sensitization in MDA-MB-231 Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Cells

“…[37], Polygonum hydropiper [38], and Alpinia zerumbet [39]. Moreover, DK induces the production of the proangiogenic tumor-derived protein Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in colorectal cancer cells [37]; exerts anticholinesterase, antioxidant, and neuroprotective effects [40]; and promotes the differentiation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblasts [39]. In this study, the results of MTT, wound-healing, and invasion assays revealed that DK significantly decreased the migration and invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells (Figure 8A–C).…”