<i>In vitro</i> screening of the ruminal methane and ammonia mitigating potential of mixtures of either chestnut or quebracho tannins with blends of essential oils as feed additives

Foggi, Giulia; Terranova, Melissa; Conte, Giuseppe; Mantino, Alberto; Amelchanka, Sergej L.; Kreuzer, Michael; Mele, Marcello

doi:10.1080/1828051x.2022.2130832

Cited by 9 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…According to the work of Hassanat and Benchaar ( 33 ), the NH 3 concentration in the fermentation buffer at the end of the incubation was linearly reduced as the level of both quebracho and chestnut tannins increased, reaching a reduction of almost 17 and 18% with the inclusion level at 8% for CTs and HTs, respectively. Similar results were found by Foggi et al ( 46 ), who observed a reduction in NH 3 concentration of 13 and 10% for CTs and HTs, respectively, when included at 2%.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…Succinivibrionaceae and methanogens are mutually exclusive and could represent a potential target for a CH 4 mitigation strategy (53). Contrary to what was reported in several works (8,22,45), the present study did Relationship between the level of the treatments and proteobacteria. not reveal a significant difference between tannin sources (CTs and HTs) when added at the same concentration in terms of negative effects on DMD and VFA production.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

“…Regarding the type of tannin, generally, it is stated that HTs has a greater effect on CH 4 reduction compared to CTs due to the supposed different mechanism of action: HTs act directly on methanogens, inhibiting their growth or their activity, while CTs reduce CH 4 more through the indirect effect caused by the reduction in fiber degradability (22,45). In an in vitro study, Jayanegara et al ( 8) Percentage of the major phyla present in the bacterial population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This discrepancy could also be explained by the reduction of the DMD, particularly of the fibrous fraction. In a recent paper, Foggi et al ( 46 ) tested in vitro CTs from quebracho and HTs from chestnut (inclusion level of 2%), finding a CH 4 reduction of approximately 10% for both CTs and HTs, without a significant reduction in the number of protozoa but accompanied by a reduction in digestibility.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro effects of different levels of quebracho and chestnut tannins on rumen methane production, fermentation parameters, and microbiota

et al. 2023

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Both condensed and hydrolysable tannins (CTs and HTs, respectively) have the ability to reduce enteric CH4 production in ruminants. However, the precise mechanism of action is not fully understood. Among the proposed hypotheses are the reduction of ruminal digestibility, direct control action on protozoa, reduction of archaea, and a hydrogen sink mechanism. In this in vitro study, which simulated rumen fermentation, two additives, one containing CTs (70% based on DM) from quebracho and one with HTs (75% based on DM) from chestnut, at four levels of inclusion (2, 4, 6, 8% on an as-fed basis) were added to the fermentation substrate and tested against a negative control. Both types of tannins significantly reduced total gas (GP) and CH4 (ml/g DM) production during the 48 h of incubation. The lower GP and CH4 production levels were linked to the reduction in dry matter digestibility caused by CTs and HTs. Conversely, no significant differences were observed for the protozoan and archaeal populations, suggesting a low direct effect of tannins on these rumen microorganisms in vitro. However, both types of tannins had negative correlations for the families Bacteroidales_BS11 and F082 and positive correlations for the genera Prevotella and Succinivibrio. Regarding the fermentation parameters, no differences were observed for pH and total volatile fatty acid production, while both CTs and HTs linearly reduced the NH3 content. CTs from quebracho were more effective in reducing CH4 production than HTs from chestnut. However, for both types of tannins, the reduction in CH4 production was always associated with a lower digestibility without any changes in archaea or protozoa. Due to the high variability of tannins, further studies investigating the chemical structure of the compounds and their mechanisms of action are needed to understand the different results reported in the literature.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 90%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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In vitro effects of different levels of quebracho and chestnut tannins on rumen methane production, fermentation parameters, and microbiota

et al. 2023

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“…Numerous combinations of tannin sources and EOC are possible. For this reason, in our previous study, we performed an extensive short term in vitro screening experiment with the Hohenheim Gas Test, and the results indicated that there was a wide range of responses of different combinations with varying mitigating potential concerning ruminal methane and ammonia formation when comparing them with either tannin extracts or EOC alone [ 14 ]. At that time, various sources of EOC and tannin extracts had been selected based on available literature (EOC [ 15 – 17 ]; tannin extracts [ 1 , 18 – 20 ]) and compounds not inscribed in the European register of feed additives (Reg.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of ruminal methane and ammonia formation and microbiota composition as affected by supplements based on mixtures of tannins and essential oils using Rusitec

Foggi,

Terranova,

Daghio

et al. 2024

J Animal Sci Biotechnol

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Background Dietary supplements based on tannin extracts or essential oil compounds (EOC) have been repeatedly reported as a promising feeding strategy to reduce the environmental impact of ruminant husbandry. A previous batch culture screening of various supplements identified selected mixtures with an enhanced potential to mitigate ruminal methane and ammonia formation. Among these, Q-2 (named after quebracho extract and EOC blend 2, composed of carvacrol, thymol, and eugenol) and C-10 (chestnut extract and EOC blend 10, consisting of oregano and thyme essential oils and limonene) have been investigated in detail in the present study with the semi-continuous rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) in three independent runs. For this purpose, Q-2 and C-10, dosed according to the previous study, were compared with a non-supplemented diet (negative control, NC) and with one supplemented with the commercial EOC-based Agolin® Ruminant (positive control, PC). Results From d 5 to 10 of fermentation incubation liquid was collected and analysed for pH, ammonia, protozoa count, and gas composition. Feed residues were collected for the determination of ruminal degradability. On d 10, samples of incubation liquid were also characterised for bacterial, archaeal and fungal communities by high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA and 26S ribosomal large subunit gene amplicons. Regardless of the duration of the fermentation period, Q-2 and C-10 were similarly efficient as PC in mitigating either ammonia (−37% by Q-2, −34% by PC) or methane formation (−12% by C-10, −12% by PC). The PC was also responsible for lower feed degradability and bacterial and fungal richness, whereas Q-2 and C-10 effects, particularly on microbiome diversities, were limited compared to NC. Conclusions All additives showed the potential to mitigate methane or ammonia formation, or both, in vitro over a period of 10 d. However, several differences occurred between PC and Q-2/C-10, indicating different mechanisms of action. The pronounced defaunation caused by PC and its suggested consequences apparently determined at least part of the mitigant effects. Although the depressive effect on NDF degradability caused by Q-2 and C-10 might partially explain their mitigation properties, their mechanisms of action remain mostly to be elucidated.

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Effect of ellagic and gallic acid on the mitigation of methane production and ammonia formation in an in vitro model of short-term rumen fermentation

Manoni,

Terranova,

Amelchanka

et al. 2023

Animal Feed Science and Technology

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In vitro screening of the ruminal methane and ammonia mitigating potential of mixtures of either chestnut or quebracho tannins with blends of essential oils as feed additives

Cited by 9 publications

References 47 publications

In vitro effects of different levels of quebracho and chestnut tannins on rumen methane production, fermentation parameters, and microbiota

In vitro effects of different levels of quebracho and chestnut tannins on rumen methane production, fermentation parameters, and microbiota

Evaluation of ruminal methane and ammonia formation and microbiota composition as affected by supplements based on mixtures of tannins and essential oils using Rusitec

Effect of ellagic and gallic acid on the mitigation of methane production and ammonia formation in an in vitro model of short-term rumen fermentation

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