In vitroscreening of 51 birdsfoot trefoil (Lotus corniculatusL.; Fabaceae) strains for anti-parasitic effects againstHaemonchus contortus

Abstract

Secondary plant compounds have shown bioactivity against multi-drug resistant Haemonchus contortus in small ruminants. This study screened 51 strains of birdsfoot trefoil (BFT, Lotus corniculatus) crude aqueous extracts (BFT-AqE) for anti-parasitic activity in vitro against egg hatching, and of those 51 strains, 13 were selected for further testing of motility of first (L1) and third stage (L3) larvae, and exsheathment of L3. Proanthocyanidin content ranged between 1.4 and 63.8 mg PAC g−1 powder across the 51 BFT strains. When tested against egg hatching, 21 of the 51 aqueous extracts had an EC50 of 1–2 mg powder mL−1, 70% of the strains were >90% efficacious at 6 mg powder mL−1 and 11 of the strains were 100% efficacious at 3 mg powder mL−1 BFT-AqE. Across the 13 strains tested against L3, efficacy ranged from 0 to 75% exsheathment inhibition, and 17 to 92% L3 motility inhibition at a concentration of 25 mg powder mL−1 BFT-AqE. There was no correlation between the PAC content of BFT powders and the anti-parasitic activity of aqueous extracts, therefore other secondary compounds may have contributed to the observed anti-parasitic effects. Further testing of BFT using bioactivity-driven fractionation and screening of BFT populations for the identified anti-parasitic compounds is needed.

Extracts of pine bark (Pinus sylvestris) inhibit Cryptosporidium parvum growth in cell culture

“…In this trial, the extracts with the highest CT concentration also demonstrated the highest antiprotozoal effect; thus, it is likely that CTs play an important role in the interaction between parasites and extracts. Nevertheless, the possibility that other PSM, such as other polyphenols or non-phenolic compounds like sesquiterpene lactones, may also have a role in the activity observed in this study cannot be excluded as previously suggested (Barone et al 2019 ).…”

“…1 c). Barone et al ( 2019 ), on the other hand, tested 51 Lotus corniculatus water extracts in vitro and found dose-dependent anthelmintic activity in several extracts, demonstrating that the use of water as a solvent does not preclude the extraction of active antiparasitic compounds. The lack of biological activity can be explained by the fact that we were not able to achieve a high enough concentration (DM or CT) or that the active components cannot be extracted using water as solvent.…”

Determining the Effects of Pelleted Cranberry Vine Grains on the Ewe and Offspring during Pregnancy and Lactation

“…The goal is to use these tannins alone or in conjunction with chemical dewormers [ 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 ]. 3Specifically, plants such as wormwood ( Artemisia absinthium [ 16 , 17 ]), mallow ( Malva sylvestris L. [ 17 ]), Sericea lespedeza [ 18 , 19 ], birds-foot trefoil ( Lotus corniculatus [ 14 , 20 , 21 ]), and cranberry vine ( Vaccinium macrocarpon , [ 22 ]) are presently being evaluated using in vitro and in vivo methods. The goal is that using these plants will be able to provide a sustainable option for parasite control for producers in both conventional and organic markets.…”