In vitro infection of cell lines with HTLV‐I and SIV_mac results in altered intracellular free calcium concentration and increased membrane polarization

Abstract

This study was designed to determine whether retrovirus infection alters basal concentrations of intracellular free calcium, the magnitude of intracellular free calcium change upon receptor-mediated cell-stimulation, and cell membrane polarization. Two retrovirus-infected cell lines were utilized: HTLV-I-infected MT-2 cells and SIV-infected H-9 cells. Uninfected H-9 cells were used as controls. The results show that the retrovirally-infected cells had an increased basal concentration of intracellular free calcium when compared with the control cells and also a reduced magnitude of intracellular free calcium response to receptor-mediated cell stimulants. The retrovirally-infected cell membranes were also hyperpolarized when compared with the control cells.

Signal transduction in Sjögren's syndrome T cells. Abnormalities associated with a newly described human A‐type retrovirus

“…H9-infected cells, as well as T cells from the peripheral blood of SS patients, were defective in their ability to generate a rise in [Ca"], following stimulation. Similar observations have been reported with HIV-l-infected T cells (8,27), as well as with HTLV-1-and simian immunodeficiency virus ( S I V t infected T cells (28,29). While H9-infected cells had decreased basal concentrations of intracellular free calcium, HIV-1 (8), HTLV-I (28), and SIV-infected (28) cells had increased basal levels of intracellular free calcium.…”

The Function of the Mitochondrial Calcium Uniporter in Neurodegenerative Disorders

“…Recent studies have shown that upon activation of the inflammatory response, the production of ROS increases, causing damage to the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and mitophagy activation, together with elevated expression of inflammatory cytokines [89,90,91,92]. Mitochondrial calcium homeostasis is reported to be disrupted in infectious diseases, indicating that mitochondrial calcium may be involved in inflammation-associated diseases (Figure 2) [93,94,95,96]. To date, evidence has indicated that the MCU plays an important role in the regulation of bacteria- and virus-induced activation of inflammation.…”