In Vitro Evaluation of Enamel Erosion After Nd:YAG Laser Irradiation and Fluoride Application

Abstract

The association between APF application and laser irradiation seems to be an alternative preventive measure against dental erosion.

Effect of Titanium Tetrafluoride and Amine Fluoride Treatment Combined with Carbon Dioxide Laser Irradiation on Enamel and Dentin Erosion

“…As yet, only few studies were performed analysing the effects of laser irradiation on erosive dental loss, but show conflicting results. While some studies reported a beneficial effect of a CO 2 12 or a Nd:YAG laser 26 on enamel erosion, dentin erosion could not be prevented by Nd:YAG laser irradiation. 27 In the present study, the output parameters for lasing enamel and dentin were chosen according to previous studies showing an increased acid resistance of enamel and dentin 10,13 or an increased enamel fluoride uptake 12,15 after CO 2 laser treatment.…”

Protective Effect of Adhesive Systems associated with Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet Laser on Enamel Erosive/Abrasive Wear

“…Some studies evaluated the application of Nd:YAG laser alone and combined with different forms of fluoride for protection against erosion and/or abrasion and concluded that laser alone is effective, but its association with fluoride resulted in the lowest wear. 8,24 Other studies found that the Nd:YAG laser was not effective against enamel erosion and had no influence on the efficacy of fluoride. 30,31 It has to be noted that the parameters of Nd:YAG laser are very important to its effects, and those applied in those studies are partially different from some of the parameters used in our method, such as fiber diameter, ranging from 250 to 320 μm; potency, ranging from 0.5 to 1 W; and energy, which varies from 50 to 100 mJ.…”

“…6,7 However, the data are conflicting regarding effective protection against erosion and abrasion. The application of high-power lasers, such as Nd:YAG, CO 2 , erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet, [8][9][10] in an attempt to increase the enamel resistance against demineralization, has also been investigated. 11 Studies reported…”

“…Nd:YAG laser as the most effective 8,12 because the laser light is absorbed by hydroxyapatite and converted into heat that causes melting and fusing of the enamel structure and subsequent resolidification, decreasing its permeability. This modified surface shows a reduction of interprismatic areas, and consequently, less acid diffusion, increasing the demineralization resistance.…”

“…Those parameters were based on previous studies and considered safe, not causing injuries to the pulp. 8,24,25 After that, light curing of the adhesive was performed for 10 seconds. In Group L, only the irradiation of Nd:YAG laser over enamel surface was performed, using the same parameters described earlier, while Group C received no treatment (control).…”