In Vitro Digestibility of Nanoporous Wheat Starch Aerogels

Abstract

This study reports the in vitro digestibility of starch aerogels for the first time. The relative crystallinities of the wheat starch aerogels (WSAs) produced at gelatinization temperatures of 120 °C (WSA-120C), 130 °C (WSA-130C), and 120 °C with the addition of sodium metaphosphate (STMP) (WSA-STMP) and xerogel were similar. However, WSA-120C showed the highest amylose-lipid complex content. The addition of STMP created some cross-linked starch with a phosphorus content of 0.023%. Resistant starch (RS) contents of WSA-STMP (33.5%) and xerogel (26.9%) were higher than the other samples when they were uncooked prior to digestion. Nevertheless, the RS contents of WSA-STMP and xerogel decreased drastically with cooking. RS contents of WSA-120C and WSA-130C were stable with cooking and provided 4.5- and 3.0-fold increases in the RS content, respectively. WSA is a promising functional food ingredient with a high RS content, even after cooking.

Effect of Crosslinking Agents on the Physicochemical and Digestive Properties of Corn Starch Aerogel

“…CSA with STMP had a better 3D network structure and higher degree of crosslinking than CSA with other crosslinking agents, which was consistent with the study by Ubeyitogullari et al. [ 16 ]…”

“…Compared with the control, CSA with crosslinking agents showed an increase in the BET surface area, which was consistent with the result by Perez–Cantu et al. [ 26 ] Crosslinking agents would decrease the pore volume, [ 16 ] which could explain the phenomenon of decreased BET surface of CSX added with SHMP, but increased the number of micropores to increase the BET surface area. Thus, crosslinking agents could be used to produce more homogenous and stable network structure, which was consistent with the results by Ubeyitogullari et al.…”

“…SHMP and STMP could influence the structure of starch through the break of double‐helical structure of amylose by phosphates. [ 16 ] EPI could crosslink with starch by locating to the crystalline areas of the starch granules through glycerol bond. [ 17 ] Sun et al.…”

<p>Engineering of Aerogel-Based Biomaterials for Biomedical Applications</p>

“…The starch-based aerogels with excellent biocompatibility and biodegradability have been widely used in drug delivery, due to a wide range of sources and the porous structure. [83][84][85] Pawar et al 86 reported a starchbased drug delivery material which was developed by converting native starch from hydrogel to aerogel. This starch-based aerogels improved the dissolution and oral bioavailability of a poorly water-soluble antifungal drug of Itraconazole.…”

In vitro bioaccessibility of novel low-crystallinity phytosterol nanoparticles in non-fat and regular-fat foods

“…The starch type (empty NSA vs pregelatinized starch) was the sole different ingredient in those non-fat granola bar control formulations. The physical properties of the NSA and pregelatinized starch could differ in terms of crystallinity, porosity, surface area and density (Ubeyitogullari, Brahma, Rose, & Ciftci, 2018;Ubeyitogullari & Ciftci, 2016a) which might affect the water solubility/water absorption and consequently alter the hardness. A higher lipid content in the granola bar formulations could interfere with the interaction between the ingredients such as starch and water which might result in a decrease in hardness.…”