In vitro and in vivo Bone‐Forming Activity of Saururus chinensis Extract

Abstract

Bone is maintained by osteoclast-mediated resorption and osteoblast-mediated formation. Recently, anti-osteoporotic activity of Saururus chinensis extract (SCE) and anti-osteoclastogenic activity of its components have been reported, but the effect of SCE on bone formation has not been studied well. Therefore, in this study, we investigated whether Saururus chinensis SCE exhibits in vitro osteogenic and in vivo bone-forming activity. extract strongly enhanced the bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2-stimulated induction of alkaline phosphatase, an early phase biomarker of osteoblast differentiation, in bi-potential mesenchymal progenitor C2C12 cells. In vitro osteogenic activity of SCE was accompanied by enhanced expression of BMP-2, BMP-4, BMP-7 and BMP-9 mRNA. In addition, a pharmacological inhibition study suggested the involvement of p38 activation in the osteogenic action of SCE. Moreover, the BMP dependency and the involvement of p38 activation in the osteogenic action of SCE were confirmed by the treatment of noggin, an antagonist of BMP. Saururus chinensis extract also exhibited to induce runt-related transcription factor 2 activation at the high concentration. Furthermore, the in vivo osteogenic activity of SCE was confirmed in zebrafish and mouse calvarial bone formation models, suggesting the possibility of its use for bone formation. In conclusion, we suggested that in vivo anti-osteoporotic activity of SCE could be because of its dual action in bone, anti-osteoclastogenic and anabolic activity.

p38 MAPK Signaling in Osteoblast Differentiation

“…Lactone derivatives affect both p38 and ERK pathways and are linked to osteoblast function (Lee and Choi, 2011 ) and osteoclast impairment (Zhai et al, 2014 ). Isoquinolines, quinones and lignans can increase ALP activity and Bmp2 expression, as well as upstream effectors like RUNX2, in pre-osteoblasts and mesenchymal cells and in vivo models (Lee et al, 2008b ; Kim et al, 2014 ; Moon et al, 2015 ; Yang et al, 2015a ). In addition, phenolic compounds are associated with positive effects on osteogenesis.…”

Schisandra chinensis extract ameliorates age‐related muscle wasting and bone loss in ovariectomized rats

“…Furthermore, H&E and IHC staining of BMP-2 and BMP-7 confirmed bone formation following C1 treatment. Bone morphogenetic proteins play important roles in the translocation of osteoblast progenitor cells, proliferation of mesenchymal cells, differentiation of osteogenic cells, and bone remodeling (Lien et al, 2013;Moon et al, 2015). Therefore, C1…”

“…Furthermore, H&E and IHC staining of BMP‐2 and BMP‐7 confirmed bone formation following C1 treatment. Bone morphogenetic proteins play important roles in the translocation of osteoblast progenitor cells, proliferation of mesenchymal cells, differentiation of osteogenic cells, and bone remodeling (Lien et al, ; Moon et al, ). Therefore, C1 prevented osteoclast differentiation and bone resorption via inhibition of NFATc1 and c‐Fos and induced bone formation by enhancing the levels of BMP‐2 and BMP‐7 in OVX rat model.…”

Machilin D, a Lignin Derived from Saururus chinensis, Suppresses Breast Cancer Stem Cells and Inhibits NF-κB Signaling

“…Biomolecules 2020, 10, 245 4 of 16 6.83, 6.83, and 6.76, which are attributable to two 1,2,4-trisubstituted benzenes, two trans-conjugated olefinic methine protons at δ 6.32 and 6.14, two oxygenated methine protons at δ 4.63 and 4.37, two methoxy groups at δ 3.84 and 3.83, and two methyl groups at δ 1.83 and 1.05. In the 13 Figure S6).…”

“…Bioactive chemicals from S. chinensis have received increased attention as an alternative source of materials for cancer therapy. Several compounds, such as lignans, diterpenes, alkaloids, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, and lipids, isolated from S. chinensis possess a wide array of pharmacological and biochemical activities [5,6], such as antioxidant [7], antidiabetic [8], anti-inflammatory [1] and anticancer [9] activities.…”