In vitro and Ex vivo Antioxidant Activity and Sustained Release Properties of Sinomenine-Loaded Liposomes-in-Hydrogel Biomaterials Simulating Cells-in-Extracellular Matrix

Abstract

Sinomenine (SIN), a natural product, has been used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in China for thousands of years. SIN has been developed for the treatment of RA by way of tablets and injections, but both dosage forms have been associated with severe adverse reactions. Making SIN into liposomes-in-hydrogel biomaterials for external use has a good slow-release effect and can play an important role in avoiding the first-pass effect, gastrointestinal reaction, and increasing the local action time of drugs. SIN-loaded liposomes were formed by the thin-film dispersion method, then SIN-loaded liposomes-in-hydrogels were prepared by combining the SIN-L with hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels. In this paper, the basic characteristics, In vitro and Ex vivo release, and antioxidant activity of SIN-loaded liposomes-in-hydrogels were studied. The results showed that SIN-loaded liposomes-in-hydrogels have good sustained-release and antioxidant effects, and the preparation is expected to be a good biomaterial.

Bioactivities and Mechanisms of Action of Sinomenine and Its Derivatives: A Comprehensive Review

“…Their findings indicated that SIN had a significant clearance of DPPH (IC 50 = 25.5 μM) and H 2 O 2 (IC 50 = 1.1 mM) and reduced MDA in organs. The DPPH scavenging rates of SIN and its three preparations were ranked as SIN > SIN-L > SIN-H > SIN-L-H. SIN-L, SIN-H, and SIN-L-H (0.6 mM) exhibited similar H 2 O 2 clearance rates, with the drug release being slow and lower than that of SIN alone [ 215 ]. The comprehensive details of the antioxidant activity of SIN are summarized in Table 13 .…”

“…The clinical application of sinomenine is constrained by its short half-life, high required concentration and low drug utilization [ 10 , 14 , 232 ]. Efforts to enhance sinomenine’s absorption rate and sustained release performance, such as incorporating it into hydrogels, are still in the nascent stages and require further validation [ 215 ]. Currently, sinomenine is administered primarily through injections, capsules, tablets, and patches [ 233 ], with limited research being conducted on improving drug absorption based on sinomenine derivatives.…”

Study on the Antioxidant Effect of Shikonin-Loaded β-Cyclodextrin Forming Host–Guest Complexes That Prevent Skin from Photoaging

“…SH can protect the brain from ischemic injury by inhibiting MMP-9 overexpression by controlling inflammatory responses and enhancing the permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) [23]. SH is also thought to inhibit the expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9, which may inhibit glioma cell migration and invasion by inhibiting P13K/Akt signaling.…”