<i>In Vitro </i>acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties of thymol, carvacrol and their derivatives thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone

Jukić, Miro; Politeo, Olivera; Maksimović, Mirjana; Miloš, Mladen

doi:10.1002/ptr.2063

Cited by 247 publications

(159 citation statements)

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“…Chem. Acta 2018, 91(1), [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] 2C=3.60 -3.62 pg, and chromosome number of 2n = 20. Both tested EO's showed low antioxidant activity and moderate inhibition of both cholinesterases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Centaurea rupestris L.: Cytogenetics, Essential Oil Chemistry and Biological Activity

Carev¹,

Maravić²,

Bektašević³

et al. 2018

Croat. Chem. Acta

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Centaurea species are used in eastern Mediterranean ethnopharmacology due to variety of bioactive compounds they comprise. Aim of this work was to characterize the Centaurea rupestris L. hydrodistilled essential oil chemical composition and test its biological activity: antimicrobial effect, antioxidant potential and inhibition of cholinesterases. Plant material authentication was by chromosome number counting and genome size assessment with the flow cytometry. Hydrodistilled essential oils were characterized using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry technique GC-MS and GC-FID. The antimicrobial effect was tested using disk diffusion and microdilution methods, antioxidant potential was tested with DPPH and FRAP methods and cholinesterases inhibition was tested with Ellman method. Genome size for C. rupestris species: sample A presented 2C=3.60 (0.10) pg and sample B 2C=3.62 (0.08) pg. The chromosome number was 2n=20 for both samples. The main essential oil constituents in isolated sample A oil, detected with GC-MS and GC-FID were: germacrene D (24.3 %), heptacosane (14.4 %), phytol (6.7 %), β-caryophyllene (5.0 %) and pentacosane (4.5 %). Sample B essential oil had the main constituents: hexadecanoic acid (18.7 %), heptacosane (13.8 %), α-linolenic acid (11.8 %), nonacosane (7.8 %) and germacrene D (5.4 %). Both samples of oil showed broad spectrum antimicrobial effect with good activity against emerging Gram-positive and Gram-negative opportunistic pathogens and pathogenic fungi which indicates the pharmaceutical potential of the C. rupestris essential oil.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[9,10] Essential oils are consisted of a small lipophilic molecules that can easily cross brain-blood barrier and serve as a good therapeutic agents. [11,12] There is only three Centaurea species investigated on EO inhibition of cholinesterases. [13] Essential oil of only one Centaurea was investigated for antioxidant activity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Centaurea rupestris L.: Cytogenetics, Essential Oil Chemistry and Biological Activity

Carev¹,

Maravić²,

Bektašević³

et al. 2018

Croat. Chem. Acta

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“…EOs and aqueous tea infusions obtained from oregano, thyme and wild thyme prevent oxidation of LDL that transport dangerous cholesterol and triglycerides from the liver to peripheral tissues [12]. Jukic et al [13] found that thymol, carvacrol and their derivatives exhibited a strong inhibitory effect on acetylcholinesterase (AChE), an enzyme that degrades the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Inhibition of AChE represents one of the therapeutic strategies developed in Alzheimer's disease treatment.…”

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Cytotoxic, anti-carcinogenic and antioxidant properties of the most frequent plant volatiles

Slameñová¹,

Horváthová²

2013

neo

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Flowers, berries, leaves, barks and roots of different plants have been used through the ages as a source of flavor in food and perfume preparations. The volatiles responsible for the flavor of botanicals can be extracted from the plant material as "essential oils" (EOs), called also volatile oils or ethereal oils. The term essential is intended to indicate that the oil is the fragrant essence of the plant from which it is extracted. EOs are constituted by hydrocarbons (monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes) and oxygenated compounds (alcohols, esters, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, lactones, phenols and phenol ethers). Of the numerous groups of naturally occurring compounds examined so far terpenes are known as fragrances and flavoring agents. The data reported in this review including the data obtained in our laboratory show that many of EOs exhibit a range of biological activities inclusive of antioxidative, anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic activities. Most of them belong to phytochemicals with chemopreventive potential. On the other hand some herbal products can cause serious adverse effects. A complex research of toxic, genotoxic, anti-mutagenic and anti-carcinogenic effects of EOs is therefore very important.

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“…Este compuesto, que no se encontró en el aceite esencial, daría cuenta de la mayor capacidad antioxidante de la fracción glicosídica en los ensayos FRAP y DPPH. 34 Como la composición de volátiles obtenidos de una misma planta puede ser variable, se refuerza la necesidad de investigar si las propiedades antioxidantes de un aceite esencial difieren o se asemejan a las de los volátiles que se emiten directamente desde una matriz vegetal.…”

Section: Efecto De La Temperatura Sobre La Emisión De Volátiles Antiounclassified

Un sistema para la deteccion de antioxidantes volatiles comunmente emitidos desde especias y hierbas medicinales

Pastene¹,

Gómez²,

Speisky³

et al. 2009

Quím. Nova

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Recebido em 16/1/08; aceito em 29/8/08; publicado na web em 26/1/09 A SYSTEM FOR DETECTION OF VOLATILE ANTIOXIDANT COMMONLY EMITTED FROM SPICES AND MEDICINAL HERBS. An apparatus which allows the direct measurement of the antioxidant capacity of volatiles compounds emitted from some herbs and culinary spices is described. The device comprises: a sample chamber, a mixing chamber, a pump and, a detection system. Volatiles from Clove (Syzygium aromaticum (L.) Merr. & L.M. Perry) were purged and captured into a DPPH-containing solution and changes in the absorbance were recorded on-line. Linear response was observed when temperature was set between 30-53 ºC; nitrogen flow was 15 mL min -1 during 60 min; DPPH concentration was 20 µmol L -1 and a sample size (powdered Clove) ranged between 200-1000 mg.Keywords: antioxidants; DPPH; essential oils. introdUccionLas plantas aromáticas y especias constituyen la principal fuente de aceites esenciales empleadas en la industria farmacéutica, cosmética y de alimentos. Tradicionalmente los aceites esenciales se han utilizado por sus propiedades como agentes aromatizantes. En los últimos años sin embargo, se ha puesto mucho interés en las propiedades anti-microbianas y antioxidantes que estos poseen.1-3 El efecto antioxidante de las plantas aromáticas resulta muy atractivo, debido a que en los alimentos ricos en lípidos insaturados, previenen o retardan el proceso de enranciamiento. Este efecto es importante, no sólo en términos de preservación, sino que además por sus potenciales beneficios para la salud. 4 Los antioxidantes actúan como agentes estabilizadores de radicales libres inhibiendo la peroxidación lipídica. Este proceso esta involucrado en el desarrollo de varias enfermedades comunes, que incluyen a la aterosclerosis y desordenes neurodegenerativos como la enfermedad de Alzheimer. 5,6 Durante mucho tiempo se ha recurrido a empleo de antioxidantes sintéticos para prevenir el deterioro oxidativo de los alimentos. No obstante, esta práctica se ha vuelto controversial dados los efectos tóxicos que estos pueden presentar.7 Esto último ha motivado la constante búsqueda de antioxidantes lipofílicos más seguros. De ahí, que sea de particular importancia el desarrollo de métodos para la evaluación de las potenciales propiedades antioxidantes de las plantas aromáticas y especias. Todos los métodos empleados consideran la obtención de un aceite esencial por extracción mediante hidrodestilación, solvente orgánico, microondas o fluidos supercríticos (SCF). Por lo tanto, hasta ahora, el proceso de extracción ha sido un paso previo necesario para estudio de la capacidad antioxidante, la que posteriormente puede ser estudiada en diferentes modelos.8-10 Uno de los radicales más empleados para ello es la especie coloreada 2,2-diphenil-1-picrilhidrazilo (DPPH).11-14 Generalmente, el método consiste en la mezcla de alícuotas del aceite esencial con el radical DPPH con posterior registro de la variación de absorbancia en el tiempo. Si bien lo anterior se puede realizar en tubos de ensayo o ...

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In Vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory properties of thymol, carvacrol and their derivatives thymoquinone and thymohydroquinone

Cited by 247 publications

References 19 publications

Centaurea rupestris L.: Cytogenetics, Essential Oil Chemistry and Biological Activity

Centaurea rupestris L.: Cytogenetics, Essential Oil Chemistry and Biological Activity

Cytotoxic, anti-carcinogenic and antioxidant properties of the most frequent plant volatiles

Un sistema para la deteccion de antioxidantes volatiles comunmente emitidos desde especias y hierbas medicinales

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