In uterotransmission ofPneumocystis cariniisp. f.Oryctolagi

Ceré, Nicolas; Drouet-Viard, F.; Dei‐Cas, Eduardo; Chanteloup, Nathalie; Coudert, Pierre

doi:10.1051/parasite/1997044325

Cited by 27 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Our data failed to con®rm the presence of P. carinii in the lungs of rabbits at birth, recently reported by CereÁ et al [8]. At 90 days P. carinii had completely cleared from the lung.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Pneumocystis carinii infection in young non-immunosuppressed rabbits. Kinetics of infection and of the primary specific immune response

Tamburrini

Ortona

Visconti

et al. 1999

Medical Microbiology and Immunology

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The aim of this study was to determine the kinetics, the dissemination of the infection and the immunological response to Pneumocystis carinii primary infection in a non-immunosuppressed rabbit model. For this purpose, we developed a nested PCR that amplified a portion of the mitochondrial large-subunit rRNA gene of rabbit-derived P. carinii. The PCR detected P. carinii DNA in lung and bronchoalveolar lavage fluids from 14- to 45-day-old rabbits but not in their serum. No P. carinii DNA was detected in extrapulmonary organs from 28-day-old rabbits with P. carinii pneumonia. ELISA and immunoblotting analysis showed that 5-day-old pups had elevated specific IgG. The IgG concentration sharply decreased, reaching a trough on day 21, and from then onwards progressively increased as the infection cleared. Conversely, the specific IgM concentration increased during the infection and peaked on day 28. IgG mainly recognized a 50-kDa subunit of P. carinii organisms; IgM recognized first a 45-kDa subunit on day 21, whereas from day 28 onwards it also recognized the 50-kDa subunit. A P. carinii-specific splenocyte proliferative response was observed on day 45. These findings suggest that P. carinii primary infection is a time-limited and a lung-limited event and contribute new information on the relationship between the kinetics of primary P. carinii infection and the immunological response in a model that mimics the primary infections in humans.

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“…Our data failed to con®rm the presence of P. carinii in the lungs of rabbits at birth, recently reported by CereÁ et al [8]. At 90 days P. carinii had completely cleared from the lung.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 97%

Pneumocystis carinii infection in young non-immunosuppressed rabbits. Kinetics of infection and of the primary specific immune response

Tamburrini

Ortona

Visconti

et al. 1999

Medical Microbiology and Immunology

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show abstract

“…All known rabbit‐associated Pneumocystis life cycle stages were found in the lungs of infected rabbits, though molecular methods suggested pathogens may spread to other organs (Cere et al , 1997a). The usually accepted Pneumocystis life cycle involves an amoeboid, thin‐walled, mononuclear trophic form, which becomes a thick‐walled cystic stage, in which multiple nuclear division leads to the formation of eight spores (Fig.…”

Section: Pneumocystis and Pneumocystosis In Rabbitsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pneumocystis oryctolagisp. nov., an uncultured fungus causing pneumonia in rabbits at weaning: review of current knowledge, and description of a new taxon on genotypic, phylogenetic and phenotypic bases

et al. 2006

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The genus Pneumocystis comprises noncultivable, highly diversified fungal pathogens dwelling in the lungs of mammals. The genus includes numerous host-species-specific species that are able to induce severe pneumonitis, especially in severely immunocompromised hosts. Pneumocystis organisms attach specifically to type-1 epithelial alveolar cells, showing a high level of subtle and efficient adaptation to the alveolar microenvironment. Pneumocystis species show little difference at the light microscopy level but DNA sequences of Pneumocystis from humans, other primates, rodents, rabbits, insectivores and other mammals present a host-species-related marked divergence. Consistently, selective infectivity could be proven by cross-infection experiments. Furthermore, phylogeny among primate Pneumocystis species was correlated with the phylogeny of their hosts. This observation suggested that cophylogeny could explain both the current distribution of pathogens in their hosts and the speciation. Thus, molecular, ultrastructural and biological differences among organisms from different mammals strengthen the view of multiple species existing within the genus Pneumocystis. The following species were subsequently described: Pneumocystis jirovecii in humans, Pneumocystis carinii and Pneumocystis wakefieldiae in rats, and Pneumocystis murina in mice. The present work focuses on Pneumocystis oryctolagi sp. nov. from Old-World rabbits. This new species has been described on the basis of both biological and phylogenetic species concepts.

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“…Hemochorial placentae lack any of the maternal tissue present in early stages of gestation, resulting in direct contact of the chorionic villi with maternal blood (25). However, one significant difference among human, murine, and rabbit placentae has been noted by Cere et al and proposed as a potential reason for the placental transmission of Pneumocystis in rabbits (3). The rabbit placenta is hemochorial until the 17th day of gestation, after which it becomes hemoendothelial.…”

Section: Vol 1 2002 Early Acquisition Of P Carinii In Rats 417mentioning

confidence: 99%

Early Acquisition of Pneumocystis carinii in Neonatal Rats as Evidenced by PCR and Oral Swabs

et al. 2002

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The complete life cycle of Pneumocystis carinii has not been defined, but accumulating evidence suggests that the mammalian host may acquire this organism early in life. In the present study, the initial time of P. carinii acquisition was determined in rats by amplification of P. carinii DNA in oral swabs from seven sets of pups and dams and from fetal tissue obtained by cesarean section of three gravid female rats. DNA extracted from all samples was amplified by using PCR primers directed to the P. carinii mitochondrial large subunit rRNA. Amplicons were produced from 80% (28 of 35) of pups within 2 h after birth; from 97% (34 of 35) after 24 h, and in all of the serially sampled pups by 48 h. No P. carinii amplicons were produced from 48 fetuses or their placentae taken by cesarean section. Thus, P. carinii is acquired almost immediately after birth, and placental transmission occurs rarely, if ever, in rats.

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In uterotransmission ofPneumocystis cariniisp. f.Oryctolagi

Cited by 27 publications

References 7 publications

Pneumocystis carinii infection in young non-immunosuppressed rabbits. Kinetics of infection and of the primary specific immune response

Pneumocystis carinii infection in young non-immunosuppressed rabbits. Kinetics of infection and of the primary specific immune response

Pneumocystis oryctolagisp. nov., an uncultured fungus causing pneumonia in rabbits at weaning: review of current knowledge, and description of a new taxon on genotypic, phylogenetic and phenotypic bases

Early Acquisition of Pneumocystis carinii in Neonatal Rats as Evidenced by PCR and Oral Swabs

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