<i>In situ</i> substrate conversion and assimilation by nitrifying bacteria in a model biofilm

Gieseke, Armin; Nielsen, Jeppe Lund; Amann, Rudolf; Nielsen, Per Halkjær; Beer, Dirk de

doi:10.1111/j.1462-2920.2005.00826.x

Cited by 36 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Similar characterization for NOB has also been conducted using 16S rRNA and 16S rDNA (Burrell et al, 1998;Daims et al, 2001a;Dionisi et al, 2002;Gieseke et al, 2005;Juretschko et al, 1998;Kim and Kim, 2006;Schramm et al, 1998) and more recently by targeting the nitrite oxidoreductase (nxr) gene (Poly et al, 2008). The results of this study and some recent ones (Blackburne et al, 2007;Kindaichi et al, 2006) highlight the additional immense utility of using molecular measures for the estimation of engineering parameters (such as m max , b, and Y obs ).…”

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confidence: 51%

“…In contrast, the remaining members of the AOB community in nitrifying activated sludge might be predominantly K-strategists, unable to compete effectively at high ammonia concentrations in partial nitrification conditions. Among NOB, Nitrospira spp., which are phylogenetically distinct from Nitrobacter spp., are more prevalent in activated sludge bioreactors (Burrell et al, 1998;Daims et al, 2001a;Dionisi et al, 2002;Gieseke et al, 2005;Juretschko et al, 1998;Schramm et al, 1998). Nitrobacter spp.…”

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confidence: 96%

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Distinctive microbial ecology and biokinetics of autotrophic ammonia and nitrite oxidation in a partial nitrification bioreactor

Ahn

Chandran

2008

Biotech & Bioengineering

109

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Biological nitrogen removal (BNR) based on partial nitrification and denitrification via nitrite is a cost-effective alternate to conventional nitrification and denitrification (via nitrate). The goal of this study was to investigate the microbial ecology, biokinetics, and stability of partial nitrification. Stable long-term partial nitrification resulting in 82.1 +/- 17.2% ammonia oxidation, primarily to nitrite (77.3 +/- 19.5% of the ammonia oxidized) was achieved in a lab-scale bioreactor by operation at a pH, dissolved oxygen and solids retention time of 7.5 +/- 0.1, 1.54 +/- 0.87 mg O(2)/L, and 3.0 days, respectively. Bioreactor ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) populations were most closely related to Nitrosomonas europaea and Nitrobacter spp., respectively. The AOB population fraction varied in the range 61 +/- 45% and was much higher than the NOB fraction, 0.71 +/- 1.1%. Using direct measures of bacterial concentrations in conjunction with independent activity measures and mass balances, the maximum specific growth rate (micro(max)), specific decay (b) and observed biomass yield coefficients (Y(obs)) for AOB were 1.08 +/- 1.03 day(-1), 0.32 +/- 0.34 day(-1), and 0.15 +/- 0.06 mg biomass COD/mg N oxidized, respectively. Corresponding micro(max), b, and Y(obs) values for NOB were 2.6 +/- 2.05 day(-1), 1.7 +/- 1.9 day(-1), and 0.04 +/- 0.02 mg biomass COD/mg N oxidized, respectively. The results of this study demonstrate that the highly selective partial nitrification operating conditions enriched for a narrow diversity of rapidly growing AOB and NOB populations unlike conventional BNR reactors, which host a broader diversity of nitrifying bacteria. Further, direct measures of microbial abundance enabled not only elucidation of mixed community microbial ecology but also estimation of key engineering parameters describing bioreactor systems supporting these communities.

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confidence: 51%

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confidence: 96%

Distinctive microbial ecology and biokinetics of autotrophic ammonia and nitrite oxidation in a partial nitrification bioreactor

Ahn

Chandran

2008

Biotech & Bioengineering

109

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“…to preferentially grow at lower nitrite concentrations. [32][33][34] However, the sustained lack of detection of Nitrospira spp. under low nitrite concentrations during full-nitrification (0.75 ( 0.69 mg-N/L, n = 15) relative to partial nitrification (360 ( 42 mg-N/L, n = 71) was unexpected and again possibly because of competition with a well-established culture of Nitrobacter spp.…”

Section: Article ' Materials and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Partial and Full Nitrification Processes Applied for Treating High-Strength Nitrogen Wastewaters: Microbial Ecology through Nitrous Oxide Production

Ahn

Kwan

Chandran

2011

Environ. Sci. Technol.

124

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The increasing regulatory demands to achieve greater nutrient removal from wastewater treatment plant effluents, while minimizing infrastructure investments and operating costs, has resulted in the development of several innovative biological nitrogen removal (BNR) processes. Partial nitrification based processes such as the single reactor system for high ammonium removal over nitrite (SHARON 1 ) and its variants are attractive for treating high-strength nitrogen waste streams such as anaerobic digestion reject water or centrate, owing to their reduced consumption of energy (for aeration) and organic carbon (for denitrification). Indeed, separate treatment of centrate via partial nitrification is one of the options for limiting nitrogen discharges to Jamaica Bay in New York City 2 and is part of PlaNYC, a sustainability plan for New York City targeted for 2030.The energy and carbon savings of partial nitrification processes for nitrogen removal are by virtue of restricting ammonia oxidation to nitrite rather than to nitrate. On the other hand, nitrite is a known trigger for nitrous oxide (N 2 O) and nitric oxide (NO) production via nitrification 3,4 and denitrification 5,6 pathways. Full-scale measurements also point to nitrite as a factor in N 2 O production.7,8 Low (but not zero) dissolved oxygen concentrations were initially implicated as a significant factor for N 2 O and NO emissions from nitrification.9-11 However, the production of N 2 O by nitrifying bacteria under aerobic conditions has also been shown. 3,4,12,13 Recent reports suggest that N 2 O and NO emissions by ammonia oxidizing bacteria are related to imbalances in their metabolism and gene-expression patterns. 14,15 Given that the greenhouse impact of N 2 O is about three hundred times that of carbon dioxide 16 and both N 2 O and NO contribute to ozone layer depletion, 17 it needs to be determined whether N-removal processes based on transient nitrite accumulation are systematically greater contributors of N 2 O and NO than full nitrification based processes. The mechanisms of such differential N 2 O production from partial and full-nitrification systems at the microbial level also need to be understood. Therefore, the overarching goal of this study was to compare the microbial ecology, gene expression, biokinetics, and N 2 O emissions from a lab-scale bioreactor operated sequentially in full-nitrification and partial-nitrification modes. It was hypothesized that operation in partial nitrification mode would result in higher N 2 O and NO emissions than operation in full nitrification mode. It was additionally hypothesized that the high emissions of the gases would parallel the sustained elevated expression of the genes coding for their production. ABSTRACT: The goal of this study was to compare the microbial ecology, gene expression, biokinetics, and N 2 O emissions from a lab-scale bioreactor operated sequentially in full-nitrification and partial-nitrification modes. Based on sequencing of 16S rRNA and ammonia monooxygenase subunit A (amoA) g...

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“…The FISH technique has been applied for identification and quantification of AOB and NOB in nitrifying biofilms and wastewater treatment systems (Daims et al, 2001a,b;Gieseke et al, 2005;Juretschko et al, 1998;Mobarry et al, 1996;Okabe et al, 1999;Schramm et al, 1998;Wagner et al, 1995Wagner et al, , 1996. Abundance and spatial organization of AOB and NOB in the biofilms were also combined with in situ NH 4 þ and NO 2 À oxidation rates that were determined with microelectrode measurements (Gieseke et al, 2003;Okabe et al, 1999Okabe et al, , 2002Schramm, 2003Schramm, , 1999.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population dynamics and in situ kinetics of nitrifying bacteria in autotrophic nitrifying biofilms as determined by real‐time quantitative PCR

Kindaichi

Kawano²,

Ito

et al. 2006

Biotech & Bioengineering

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Population dynamics of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and uncultured Nitrospira-like nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB) dominated in autotrophic nitrifying biofilms were determined by using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RTQ-PCR) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Although two quantitative techniques gave the comparable results, the RTQ-PCR assay was easier and faster than the FISH technique for quantification of both nitrifying bacteria in dense microcolony-forming nitrifying biofilms. Using this RTQ-PCR assay, we could successfully determine the maximum specific growth rate (mu = 0.021/h) of uncultured Nitrospira-like NOB in the suspended enrichment culture. The population dynamics of nitrifying bacteria in the biofilm revealed that once they formed the biofilm, the both nitrifying bacteria grew slower than in planktonic cultures. We also calculated the spatial distributions of average specific growth rates of both nitrifying bacteria in the biofilm based on the concentration profiles of NH4+, NO2-, and O2, which were determined by microelectrodes, and the double-Monod model. This simple model estimation could explain the stratified spatial distribution of AOB and Nitrospira-like NOB in the biofilm. The combination of culture-independent molecular techniques and microelectrode measurements is a very powerful approach to analyze the in situ kinetics and ecophysiology of nitrifying bacteria including uncultured Nitrospira-like NOB in complex biofilm communities.

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In situ substrate conversion and assimilation by nitrifying bacteria in a model biofilm

Cited by 36 publications

References 53 publications

Distinctive microbial ecology and biokinetics of autotrophic ammonia and nitrite oxidation in a partial nitrification bioreactor

Distinctive microbial ecology and biokinetics of autotrophic ammonia and nitrite oxidation in a partial nitrification bioreactor

Comparison of Partial and Full Nitrification Processes Applied for Treating High-Strength Nitrogen Wastewaters: Microbial Ecology through Nitrous Oxide Production

Population dynamics and in situ kinetics of nitrifying bacteria in autotrophic nitrifying biofilms as determined by real‐time quantitative PCR

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