In‐situ Sourcing of Hematite Paints on the Surface of Hohokam Red‐on‐Buff Ceramics Using Laser Ablation – Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) and Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis

Abstract

Worldwide applications of ochre analysis continue to develop at a rapid pace, highlighting a number of analytical and interpretative issues. As regional source databases continue to grow, researchers have turned to the thornier issues of source allocation. In this study, we utilize LA-ICP-MS and NAA to examine archaeological pigments, ceramic paints and experimental tiles from geological sources and Hohokam ceramics in central Arizona. Archaeological pigments and paint on sherds are successfully source matched based on trace element content, with implications for understanding paint production, sociocultural relations governing trade in pigment and the use of different resource landscapes over time.

Characterization and sources of Paleolithic–Mesolithic ochre from Coves de Santa Maira (Valencian Region, Spain)

“…However, statistical models employing Fe normalization plus Log 10 to reduce the variance have recently been used by some authors investigating ochre raw material procurement locations (Dayet et al, 2016; Eiselt et al, 2019; MacDonald et al, 2018; Velliky et al, 2019; Zipkin et al, 2017). Therefore, a CA was carried out using the proposed parameters for all the elements (except Fe) (Figure 9a–c) to observe whether the groupings are equivalent to those of the prior model (Figure 8a–c).…”

“…In the first cluster (Figure 8), all analyzed elements (Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , CaO, Ti, Fe, Ba, Bi, Cd, Cr, Co, Cu, Pb, Li, Mn, Mo, Ni, Sr, Tl, V, Zn, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Sc, and Y) were taken as variables. Furthermore, following the geochemical data treatment recently employed by some authors for ochre provenance studies (Dayet, Le Bourdonnec, Daniel, Porraz, & Texier, 2016; Eiselt et al, 2019; MacDonald, Fox, Dubreuil, Beddard, & Pidruczny, 2018; Velliky, Barbieri, Porr, Conard, & MacDonald, 2019; Zipkin et al, 2017) in the second cluster (Figure 9), the same elements (except Fe) were Fe‐normalized and subsequently log 10 transformed. The data were autoscaled before analysis.…”

Insights into the Residue Trapped in Glaze Cracks of Archaeological Ceramics Using Microchemical Analysis

“…The traditional approach has been to conduct typo-chronological studies to explore the origin and date of the ceramics that have no clear provenance (Bishop et al, 1982; Gehres & Querré, 2018). More recently, scholars have been using a combination of typo-chronological methods with chemical fingerprinting to determine the geographical provenance of ceramics (Tochilin et al, 2012; Eiselt et al, 2019; Li et al, 2021). However, the provenance of the Ge ware is difficult to establish as such items have never been found in any archaeological excavation.…”

Standardization procedure to provide a unified multi-method elemental compositional dataset, application to ferruginous colouring matters from Namibia

“…These advances implied the use of different elemental analytical techniques to characterize the materials and determine the provenance of the archaeological ferruginous colouring matters: X-Ray Fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) Lebon et al, 2019) , particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE) (Erlandsen et al 1999;Bernatchez et al 2008 ;Nel et al, 2010 ;Beck et al, 2011Beck et al, . 2012Salomon et al, 2012 ;Mathis et al, 2014 ;Lebon et al, 2014) , instrumental neutron activation analysis (NAA) (Kiehn et al, 2007 ;Popelka-Filcoff et al, 2007, 2008Eiselt et al, 2011 ;MacDonald et al, 2013MacDonald et al, , 2018Velliky et al, 2021) , inductive coupled plasmaoptical emission spectrometry and mass spectrometry (ICP-OES and ICP-MS) coupled or not to laser ablation (Green an Watling, 2007 ;Iriarte et al, 2009 ;Dayet et al, 2013 ;Scadding et al, 2015 ;Moyo et al, 2016 ;Zipkin et al, 2017Zipkin et al, , 2020Eiselt et al, 2019 ;Pierce et al, 2020 ;Mauran et al, 2021a) . An extensive review of these studies has been recently published by Dayet (2021).…”