<i>In ovo</i> feeding and its effects on performance of newly-hatched chicks

Cardeal, P. C.; Caldas, Edgard Onoda Luiz; Lara, L.J.C.; Rocha, J.S.R.; Baião, N.C.; Vaz, Diêgo Pereira; Martins, Nélson Rodrigo da Silva

doi:10.1017/s0043933915002445

Cited by 14 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Embryonic development in birds takes place inside the egg; this provides an opportunity for the direct manipulation of the embryo and the surrounding membranes. Such manipulation is aimed to promote ED and prepare chicks for post-hatching life (reviewed in [40]). In physiological conditions, avian embryos have limited chances to benefit from contact with the dam during the embryonic and neonatal stages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Transcriptomic Effects of Prebiotics and Synbiotics Delivered In Ovo in Broiler Chickens

et al. 2016

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In ovo delivery of prebiotics and synbiotics in chickens allows for the development of intestinal microflora prior to hatching, which boosts their robustness. The goal of this study was to determine the transcriptomic profile of the spleen (S), cecal tonsils (CT), and large intestine (LI) of adult chickens injected with prebiotics and synbiotics in ovo. On day 12 of embryo development, incubating eggs were injected with prebiotics: inulin alone (P1) or in combination with Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IBB2955 (S1), galactooligosaccharides (GOS) alone (P2) or in combination with Lactococcus lactis subsp. cremoris IBB477 (S2); control group (C) was mock injected with physiological saline. Gene expression analysis was conducted using an Affymetrix Chicken Gene 1.1 ST Array Strip. Most of the differentially expressed genes (DEG) were detected in the cecal tonsils of P2 (378 DEG), and were assigned to gene ontology categories: lymphocyte proliferation, activation and differentiation, and cytokine production. Ingenuity pathway analysis of the DEG (CT of P2) indicated the inhibition of humoral and cellular immune responses, e.g., role of NFAT in regulation of immune responses, phagocytosis, production of nitric oxide, NF-κB, IL-8, and CXCR4 signaling. The DEG with the highest up-regulation from S1 and P2 were involved in gene expression (PAPOLA, RPL27A, RPLP1, and RPS29) from P1 and P2 in transport (BEST4, SLC9A3, and SLC13A2), metabolism (OGT, ALPP, CA4, and CA7), signaling (FGG, G3BP2, UBB, G3BP2, CACNA1G, and ATP6V0A4), and immune responses (MSMB, LGALS3, CABIN1, CXCR5, PAX5, and TNFRSF14). Two DEG influencing the complement system (SERPING1 and MIR1674) were down-regulated in P2 and S1. In conclusion, GOS injected in ovo provided the most potent stimulation of the host transcriptome. This is likely due to its strong bifidogenic effect, which triggers proliferation of indigenous embryonic microflora in ovo, and indirectly influences gene expression regulation in host tissues, especially cecal tonsils.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Transcriptomic Effects of Prebiotics and Synbiotics Delivered In Ovo in Broiler Chickens

et al. 2016

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“…During the prehatch period, providing appropriate nutrition may help minimize the incidences of diseases by increasing the availability of certain nutrients ( 2 ). In ovo injection has been reported to be an effective way to deliver nutrients into the amniotic cavity to compensate for the energy deficiencies that occur during the hatching process ( 3 ). Considering the susceptibility of newly hatched chicks to various pathogens, administering Lactobacillus before hatching may be used as a strategy to enhance the immune-reactivity of hatchlings while reducing their susceptibility to pathogens ( 4 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of In Ovo Injection of Synbiotics on the Early Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Chicks

Duan

Zhang

et al. 2021

Front. Vet. Sci.

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In this study, the effects of synbiotic inclusion at the intra-amniotic stage in layer chicks were evaluated with different parameters, such as performance, immunological function, intestinal development, and cecal microflora content. A total of 1,200 eggs with fertile embryos were allocated into four treatment groups. For every treatment, five replicates were used, and 60 eggs were included in each replicate. The following four treatment groups were established: the non-injected group, 0.9% physiological saline injection (saline) group, 1 × 106 CFU/egg Lactobacillus plantarum injection (probiotic) group, and 1 × 106 CFU/egg L. plantarum + 2 mg/egg Astragalus polysaccharide injection (synbiotic) group. In ovo injection was carried out at 18.5 days of incubation. The results showed that in ovo injection of probiotics or synbiotics did not affect the hatching or growth performance of the chicks but significantly increased their feed intake (FI), body weight (BW), and the feed conversion ratio (FCR). Additionally, in ovo injection of synbiotics enhanced the levels of serum interleukin-2 (IL-2), interferon-γ (IFN-γ), and secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) in intestinal lavage fluid and the histomorphological development of the small intestine. Our results also indicated that intra-amniotic synbiotic injection significantly increased Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium colonization while decreasing the relative abundance of Escherichia coli in the chicken cecum (P < 0.05). In summary, in ovo injection of synbiotics had positive impacts on the performance, immunological function, gut development, and microbiota of growing chicks.

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“…For example, carbohydrate and protein absorption is reduced on the day of hatch and increases during the first four days post-hatch. In contrast, the absorption of fatty acids increases at hatching and remains high during the first four days post-hatching (Cardeal et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The In Ovo Feeding Technique as a Recent Aspect of Poultry Farming

El-Sabrout¹,

Ahmad²,

El-Deek³

2019

JAHP

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The incubation period of chicken eggs is 21 days; for meat-type birds, this represents approximately 60% of their life. In most cases, chicks are shifted from the hatchery when the majority (approximately 95%) of the chicks have hatched. This period time, added with the time required to transport the chicks to rearing farms, means that chicks can be deprived of water and feed for 2-3 days. Due to the specificity of the embryogenesis process and the unique avian eggshell structure, the development of the embryo could be directly manipulated via a small window that is cut into the eggshell to allow access to the embryo. This ability has been used to develop the in ovo technique as a biotechnology approach, i.e. direct injection of bioactive and nutritional substances during the incubation process. Recent studies have shown major developments in the utilisation of this technique for early feeding and supply of carbohydrates and amino acids (more than 2.5% weight enhancement for broilers) or vaccination (Newcastle, Mareks Disease, with more than 2% immunity enhancement) in several commercial poultry farms particularly in Europe, United States and Brazil. Additionally, the injection of IGF type I (100 ng/egg from human origin) on the 3 rd day of incubation increased the efficiency of growth and development of muscle during the first weeks of life resulting in more than 12% weight enhancement for broiler. The amniotic site has been considered the most effective for supplements injection, while the 18 th day of chicken egg incubation is the most effective time. This review integrates recent aspects that could influence traits of interest for in ovo feeding in the poultry industry.

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In ovo feeding and its effects on performance of newly-hatched chicks

Cited by 14 publications

References 22 publications

Long-Term Transcriptomic Effects of Prebiotics and Synbiotics Delivered In Ovo in Broiler Chickens

Long-Term Transcriptomic Effects of Prebiotics and Synbiotics Delivered In Ovo in Broiler Chickens

The Effects of In Ovo Injection of Synbiotics on the Early Growth Performance and Intestinal Health of Chicks

The In Ovo Feeding Technique as a Recent Aspect of Poultry Farming

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