IL-10 Polymorphisms and Haplotypes Predict Susceptibility to Hepatocellular Carcinoma Occurrence in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus Infection from Northeast India

Abstract

Chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection leads to variable outcomes, ranging from prolonged slow hepatic damage leading to cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Polymorphism in cytokines IL-10 and IL-12 that impact the immune response to HCV infection may play a role in determining this outcome. This study was aimed to determine if polymorphisms in IL-10 and IL-12B contribute to HCV susceptibility and the risk of developing HCC in patients from Northeast India. IL-10 -1082, -819, -592 polymorphisms and IL-12B -1188 polymorphisms were genotyped by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in a total of 266 HCV-infected patients and 100 age-and sex-matched controls. In the HCV-infected subjects, 110 patients had chronic hepatitis C (CHC), 96 with liver cirrhosis, and 60 with HCC. Serum levels of IL-10 were also measured and correlated with disease severity. Haplotype analysis for IL-10 polymorphisms was carried out. Statistical data were analyzed using SPSS ver. 22.0. The frequency of IL-10 -592 AA genotype/A allele was significantly higher in HCC patients than in CHC patients. The intermediate IL-10-producing ACC haplotype was significantly more frequent in HCC and cirrhotic patients than in CHC patients. No significant association was found for IL-10 -819, -592 and IL-12B -1188 polymorphisms with the susceptibility to HCV infection or occurrence of HCC in HCV-infected patients. IL-10 -592 CA polymorphism and IL-10 ACC haplotype are significant biomarkers of HCC in HCV-infected patients from Northeast India. Higher serum levels of IL-10 were also linked to higher disease severity.

Association between IL-10 gene polymorphisms (− 1082 A/G, -819 T/C, -592 A/C) and hepatocellular carcinoma: a meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis

“…2 ). Study samples varied from 100 [ 35 ] to 1504 participants [ 37 ], and the years of publication spanned from 2003 [ 40 , 45 ] to 2020 [ 36 , 39 , 43 ]. With regard to ethnic groups, ten studies (67%) were done with the Asians population [ 36 , 37 , 40 – 42 , 44 – 48 ], while five studies (33%) were with the non-Asian population [ 34 , 35 , 38 , 39 , 43 ].…”

“…Study samples varied from 100 [ 35 ] to 1504 participants [ 37 ], and the years of publication spanned from 2003 [ 40 , 45 ] to 2020 [ 36 , 39 , 43 ]. With regard to ethnic groups, ten studies (67%) were done with the Asians population [ 36 , 37 , 40 – 42 , 44 – 48 ], while five studies (33%) were with the non-Asian population [ 34 , 35 , 38 , 39 , 43 ]. Ten studies were hospital-based studies [ 34 , 35 , 37 – 40 , 42 , 43 , 45 – 48 ], while 5 studies were done on patients at the outpatient clinic/special clinic [ 35 , 36 , 39 , 43 , 44 ].…”

“…With regard to ethnic groups, ten studies (67%) were done with the Asians population [ 36 , 37 , 40 – 42 , 44 – 48 ], while five studies (33%) were with the non-Asian population [ 34 , 35 , 38 , 39 , 43 ]. Ten studies were hospital-based studies [ 34 , 35 , 37 – 40 , 42 , 43 , 45 – 48 ], while 5 studies were done on patients at the outpatient clinic/special clinic [ 35 , 36 , 39 , 43 , 44 ]. Eight studies (53%) examined more than one SNP [ 32 , 34 , 40 – 42 , 44 , 45 , 45 ], while nine [ 32 , 34 – 36 , 38 – 42 , 45 ], eight [ 34 , 36 , 38 , 40 – 44 , 47 ], and 11 studies [ 32 , 36 , 37 , 40 – 42 , 44 – 48 ] examined the single SNP − 1082 A/G, -819 T/C, and − 592 A/C, respectively.…”

Serum Interleukins as Potential Prognostic Biomarkers in HBV-Related Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure

“…IL-10 can be used as a new biomarker to evaluate the degree of inflammation in HCC development [ 55 ]. Compared with healthy controls, serum IL-10 was elevated in patients with HCV, cirrhosis, or HCC [ 56 ]. IL-10 RS180096 TT genotype, IL-10-592 CA polymorphism, and IL-10 ACC haplotype [ 56 ] are good markers for HCV patients to develop cirrhosis and HCC susceptibility.…”

“…Compared with healthy controls, serum IL-10 was elevated in patients with HCV, cirrhosis, or HCC [ 56 ]. IL-10 RS180096 TT genotype, IL-10-592 CA polymorphism, and IL-10 ACC haplotype [ 56 ] are good markers for HCV patients to develop cirrhosis and HCC susceptibility. In conclusion, high levels of IL-10 may be associated with poor prognosis of viral infection-associated liver diseases, while the effect of IL-10 on HBV-ACLF remains to be studied.…”