<i>HORDEUM DEPRESSUM</i> CROSSES WITH THE <i>HORDEUM MURINUM</i> COMPLEX

Liu, Lu Chyuan; Schooler, A. B.

doi:10.1139/g65-040

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Under the influence of the biological species concept and to evaluate the possibility to use genetic diversity in wild species for crop breeding, during the 1960s crossing experiments started and pollen and seed fertility and viability of hybrids were analyzed (e.g., Rajhathy and Morrison 1959, 1962, Liu and Schooler 1965, Subrahmanyam 1978, Bothmer and Jacobsen 1986. These interspecific crosses resulted in the definition of different grass genomes occurring in Triticeae (Dewey 1984, Löve 1984, based on chromosome pairing in hybrids and karyological analyses of, e.g., C-banding patterns.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analyses In Hordeummentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in phylogenetic analysis and a new infrageneric classification of the barley genus Hordeum (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Blattner

2009

Breed. Sci.

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During the last decade several phylogenetic studies of Hordeum were published using a multitude of loci from the chloroplast and nuclear genomes. In many studies taxon sampling was not representative and, thus, does not allow the inference of relationships among species. Generally, chloroplast data seem not suitable for reliable phylogenetic results, as far reaching incomplete lineage sorting result in nearly arbitrary species relationships within narrow species groups, depending on the individuals included in the analyses. Nuclear loci initially resulted at contradictory phylogenetic hypotheses. However, combining at least three nuclear loci in total evidence analyses finally provides consistent relationships among Hordeum species groups, and supports data from earlier cytological and karyological studies. Thus, recently published phylogenies agree on the monophyly of the four Hordeum genome groups (H, I, Xa, Xu), monophyly of the H/Xu and I/Xa groups, and separation between Asian and American members within the I-genome group. A new infrageneric classification of Hordeum is proposed, dividing the genus in subgenus Hordeum comprising sections Hordeum and Trichostachys, and subgenus Hordeastrum with sections Marina, Nodosa, and Stenostachys. The latter consists of two series reflecting the geographical distribution of the taxa, i.e. series Sibirica with Central Asian taxa and series Critesion comprising native taxa from the Americas. In section Nodosa all allopolyploid taxa are grouped, which are characterized by I/Xa genome combinations.

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Section: Phylogenetic Analyses In Hordeummentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in phylogenetic analysis and a new infrageneric classification of the barley genus Hordeum (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Blattner

2009

Breed. Sci.

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“…leporinum . The allopolyploidy of the murinum complex is supported by a number of cytological studies that examined meiosis (Morrison 1958; Rajhathy and Morrison 1962; Liu and Schooler 1965), karyotype (Richards and Booth 1976), C‐banding (Vosa 1976; Linde‐Laursen et al 1989), elec‐trophoresis of seed proteins (Booth and Richards 1978), isozymes (Giles 1984; Konishi 1989), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (Taketa et al 2000).…”

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confidence: 99%

Analysis of DNA sequence polymorphism at the cMWG699 locus reveals phylogenetic relationships and allopolyploidy withinHordeum murinumsubspecies

et al. 2010

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Hordeum murinum L. is one of the most widely distributed species in the genus Hordeum. This species is composed of three subspecies with three ploidy levels, namely subsp. glaucum (2x=14), subsp. murinum (4x=28) and subsp. leporinum (4x=28, 6x=42). These three subspecies are morphologically similar and are frequently referred to as the 'murinum complex'. Although many cytological studies suggest that the murinum complex is allopolyploid, one inter-specific hybridization study suggested that it is autopolyploid. The goals of the present study are to identify nucleotide variation in the cMWG699 locus in the polyploid genomes of the murinum complex, to conduct molecular phylogenetic analysis of this locus, and to clarify the allo- versus auto-polyploidy status of the murinum complex. For this purpose, PCR-RFLP analysis was conducted with HhaI and SspI restriction enzymes on 80 H. murinum accessions. Single enzyme digestion data revealed polymorphism between diploid and polyploids, and double-digestion revealed polymorphism between tetra- and hexaploids. The nucleotide sequences of clones clearly show that polyploid murinum species are allopolyploid. In addition, DNA sequence analysis indicated that one donor of the tetraploid was subsp. glaucum (2x), as has been suggested previously by cytological studies. The other diploid donors were not identified, but at least one group of sequences common to 4x and 6x genomes (namely clonetype B) was highly diverged from 2x subsp. glaucum. The two tetraploid subspecies, 4x subsp. murinum and 4x subsp. leporinum, had identical DNA sequences, suggesting that these two subspecies are not differentiated at the cMWG699 locus.

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“…Species possessing this genome hybridize rarely and with difficulty with other Hordeum species with different genomes (absence of chromosome homology), often resulting in sterile offspring. To our knowledge, no spontaneous interspecific hybrids between H. murinum and Hordeum species with a genome different from Y have been reported, except those obtained by Liu & Schooler (1965) between H. murinum (4x and 6x) and H. depressum (H genome). This cross, however, resulted in sterile offspring.…”

Section: H Murinum–h Vulgare Distinctionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…This cross, however, resulted in sterile offspring. In contrast, hybrids with other species in the complex ( H. leporinum and H. glaucum ; both Y genome) could be produced easily without human intervention (even when crossed on different ploidy levels), often giving fully fertile offspring (Rajhathy & Morrison, 1962; Liu & Schooler, 1965).…”

Section: H Murinum–h Vulgare Distinctionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Isozyme variation of Hordeum murinum in Switzerland and test of hybridization with cultivated barley

2002

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Summary Variability between and within spontaneous populations of Hordeum murinum in Switzerland was studied by enzyme electrophoresis. Most of the variation (61.5%) occurred within populations, while 38.5% occurred between populations. Absence of cleistogamy was observed. The results suggest evidence for a mixed mating system in H. murinum. Isozyme diagnostic bands for H. murinum and cultivated barley were established, allowing the detection of putative hybrids between them. No hybrids were obtained after performing experimental hybridization in the field and in the greenhouse. None was detected in the progeny of H. murinum growing in spontaneous contact zones either, confirming the existence of strong genetic barriers against hybridization. Our results are discussed in the context of the risk of transgene escape, associated with the cultivation of transgenic crops.

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HORDEUM DEPRESSUM CROSSES WITH THE HORDEUM MURINUM COMPLEX

Cited by 10 publications

References 3 publications

Progress in phylogenetic analysis and a new infrageneric classification of the barley genus Hordeum (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Progress in phylogenetic analysis and a new infrageneric classification of the barley genus Hordeum (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Analysis of DNA sequence polymorphism at the cMWG699 locus reveals phylogenetic relationships and allopolyploidy withinHordeum murinumsubspecies

Isozyme variation of Hordeum murinum in Switzerland and test of hybridization with cultivated barley

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