HLA‐B* 1502 screening: Time to clinical practice

Genetic and immune predictors for hypersensitivity syndrome to antiepileptic drugs

“…68 The high incidence of HLA-B*1502 among Asian individuals (10-15%) correlates with a high incidence of SJS/TEN in this population (17 to 25 in every 10000 individuals in Taiwan and Thailand), compared to its low incidence among Caucasians (1% to 2%), which correlates with a low incidence in this population (1 to 6 in every 10000 individuals). 49,50,82 No association was found between LTG-SJS/TEN and HLA-B*1502 in Chinese, 68 or European patients. 58 In our study, we observed that negative HLA-B*1502 does not predict negative LTG-HSR.…”

“…Ever since it was first linked with CBZ-SJS in Han Chinese, 49 HLA allele B*1502 (HLA-B*1502) has become the strongest HLA correlation among human diseases (98% negative predictive value, 92% sensitivity and 4.2%-19% false positivity). 50 This association holds true for certain ethnic groups only, in particular Han Chinese, Thai, Malay and to a lesser degree, Indians. 50,51 HSR cases accompanied by hepatocytotoxicity are fewer than HSR cases with dermatologic presentations.…”

“…50 This association holds true for certain ethnic groups only, in particular Han Chinese, Thai, Malay and to a lesser degree, Indians. 50,51 HSR cases accompanied by hepatocytotoxicity are fewer than HSR cases with dermatologic presentations. DILI may lead to liver failure and transplant.…”

HLA-B*1502 Allele is Associated with a Cross-Reactivity Pattern of Cutaneous Adverse Reactions to Antiepileptic Drugs

“…Some studies have demonstrated that aromatic AED-induced SJS/TEN (referring mainly to CBZ and PHT) share a common risk allele -HLA-B*1502 -in Asian patient populations. 1,6,9,10 Others have failed to show significant associations between AED-induced cADRs and the HLA-B*1502 allele, even in Asian patient populations. 11 -14 The majority of studies concluded that the HLA-B*1502 allele is associated with severe cADRs such as AEDinduced SJS/TEN, 1,6,9,10 but could not find an association between this allele and benign maculopapular exanthema.…”

Nécrolyse épidermique toxique induite par la carbamazépine chez une Cambodgienne

“…Cette association n'a pas été retrouvée en Corée, au Japon et chez les caucasiens 7,14,18 . 7,19 . Dans le cas où le dépistage de l'allèle est utilisé comme marqueur pour prévenir un SSJ/NET induit par la CBZ, la valeur prédictive négative et la sensibilité du test sont respectivement estimées à 98 % et à 92 % 7,19 .…”