<i>Hiskatherium saintandrei</i>, gen. et sp. nov.: an unusual sloth from the Santacrucian of Quebrada Honda (Bolivia) and an overview of middle Miocene, small megatherioids

Pujos, François; Iuliis, Gerardo De; Quispe, Bernardino Mamaní

doi:10.1080/02724634.2011.599463

Cited by 27 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Bargo et al (2009) proposed a new dental terminology for molariform teeth based on the early Miocene Miocene Megalonychidae Eucholoeops. Pujos et al (2011), following Bargo et al (2009), refined the terminology, making it applicable to all tardigrade clades. A caniniform tooth, when present, exhibits a single cusp/cuspid.…”

Section: Mastication Diet and Dental Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on Variability, Morpho-Functional Adaptations, Dental Terminology, and Evolution of Sloths

et al. 2012

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The occasion of the Xenarthra Symposium during the ICVM 9 meeting allowed us to reflect on the considerable advances in the knowledge of sloths made by the "Xcommunity" over the past two decades, particularly in such aspects as locomotion, mastication, diet, dental terminology, intraspecific variation, sexual dimorphism, and phylogenetic relationships. These advancements have largely been made possible by the application of cladistic methodology (including DNA analyses) and the discovery of peculiar forms such as Diabolotherium, Thalassocnus, and Pseudoglyptodon in traditionally neglected areas such as the Chilean Andes and the Peruvian Pacific desert coast. Modern tree sloths exhibit an upside-down posture and suspensory locomotion, but the habits of fossil sloths are considerably more diverse and include locomotory modes such as inferred bipedality, quadrupedality, arboreality or semiarboreality, climbing, and an aquatic or semi-aquatic lifestyle in saltwater. Modern tree sloths are generalist browsers, but fossil sloths had browsing, grazing, or mixed feeding dietary habits. Discovery of two important sloth faunas in Brazil (Jacobina) and southern North America (Daytona Beach and Rancho La Brea) have permitted evaluation of the ontogenetic variation in Eremotherium laurillardi and the existence of possible sexual dimorphism in this sloth and in Paramylodon harlani. A new dental terminology applicable to a majority of clades has been developed, facilitating comparisons among taxa. An analysis wherein functional traits were plotted onto a phylogeny of sloths was used to determine patterns of evolutionary change across the clade. These analyses suggest that megatherioid sloths were primitively semiarboreal or possessed climbing adaptations, a feature retained in some members of the family Megalonychidae. Pedolateral stance in the hindfoot is shown to be convergently acquired in Mylodontidae and Megatheria (Nothrotheriidae + Megatheriidae), this feature serving as a synapomorphy of the latter clade. Digging adaptations can only be securely ascribed to scelidotheriine and mylodontine sloths, and the latter are also the only group of grazing sloths, the remainder being general browsers.

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Section: Mastication Diet and Dental Terminologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances on Variability, Morpho-Functional Adaptations, Dental Terminology, and Evolution of Sloths

et al. 2012

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“…The Quebrada Honda mammal fauna is diverse, including at least 30 species of metatherians, xenarthrans, rodents, and endemic ungulates (see Croft, 2007, and references therein). Recent studies have described a new dwarf megatherioid (Pujos et al, 2011) and several species of caviomorph rodents (Croft et al, 2011) from this locality, and ongoing field studies have produced many new specimens including several new species that are currently under study (D. Croft, unpubl. data).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new species of small-bodied sparassodont (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the middle Miocene locality of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia

Engelman

Croft

2014

Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology

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ABSTRACT-The Sparassodonta (Mammalia, Metatheria) are a group of carnivorous mammals that dominated the macropredatory guild of South America during the Cenozoic. Here, we describe a new sparassodont based on a single specimen from the middle Miocene Quebrada Honda local fauna of southern Bolivia. This specimen (UF 27881) does not clearly correspond to any major sparassodont group (e.g., Hathliacynidae, Borhyaenidae, etc.) and represents a morphotype previously unknown among the Sparassodonta. UF 27881 is distinguished from other sparassodonts by its short, broad, borhyaenid-like rostrum and small size, among other features. However, we decline to coin a new name for UF 27881 due to the fragmentary nature of this specimen and the absence of most of its dentition. This specimen suggests that the appearance of the Sparassocynidae and several hypercarnivorous didelphid taxa (including Thylophorops, Thylatheridium, Lutreolina, and Hyperdidelphys) represent an evolutionary response to the decline in small, predatory sparassodont taxa during the late Cenozoic. This study documents new morphological diversity among the Sparassodonta and highlights the value of fossils from traditionally undersampled parts of South America.

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“…Megatherioidea, Pujos et al, 2011Pujos et al, , 2014. Sin embargo, en ninguno de estos trabajos se discutió la validez del género y/o de las especies incluidas en el (Nothropus priscus, Nothropus carcaranensis y Nothropus tarijensis).…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Revisión del perezoso terrestre Nothropus (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Tardigrada) del Pleistoceno de Argentina y Bolivia

Quiñones

Miño-Boilini

Zurita

2017

Rev. bras. paleontol.

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Hiskatherium saintandrei, gen. et sp. nov.: an unusual sloth from the Santacrucian of Quebrada Honda (Bolivia) and an overview of middle Miocene, small megatherioids

Cited by 27 publications

References 42 publications

Recent Advances on Variability, Morpho-Functional Adaptations, Dental Terminology, and Evolution of Sloths

Recent Advances on Variability, Morpho-Functional Adaptations, Dental Terminology, and Evolution of Sloths

A new species of small-bodied sparassodont (Mammalia, Metatheria) from the middle Miocene locality of Quebrada Honda, Bolivia

Revisión del perezoso terrestre Nothropus (Mammalia, Xenarthra, Tardigrada) del Pleistoceno de Argentina y Bolivia

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