<i>Helicobacter pylori</i>
            Virulence and Genetic Geography

Covacci, Antonello; Telford, John L.; Giudice, Giuseppe Del; Parsonnet, Julie; Rappuoli, Rino

doi:10.1126/science.284.5418.1328

Cited by 980 publications

(813 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Nevertheless, the rate is still several times higher than that found in developed countries, where the incidence of H. pylori infection is found in approximately 30% of the adult population. 1 H. pylori incidence has become less frequent in developed countries over recent years, which reflects a so-called cohort effect. The rate of decline may be as high as 26% per decade, 41 and only 0.4% of uninfected adults acquire H. pylori each year.…”

Section: Epidemiological Features Of the Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…104,127 These models have permitted the testing of prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines containing different antigens, including whole inactivated cells, 1 bacterial lysates, 128 and several purified antigens. To date, researchers have identified several H. pylori antigens which confer protection against H. pylori infection or in eradicating an already established infection in the murine models, including purified VacA, 104 urease (and its subunits), 129 CagA, 130 heat shock proteins (HspA and HspB), 1 and catalase. 131 Therapeutic vaccination has also been successful in ferrets and Rhesus monkeys infected with Helicobacter mustelae and H. pylori, respectively.…”

Section: Vaccination Development For Clinical Use and Future Of The Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 However, in 1982 this bacterium was removed from the group of the unrecognized etiologic agents when it was discovered and isolated through accidental extended incubation of pure culture from human gastric mucosa biopsies. 2,3 These events and subsequent studies of its genome sequence, physiology, adaptation to a restricted ecological niche, and possible antigenic variation mechanisms, have changed radically the gastroenterology and microbiology knowledge.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Helicobacter pylori: recent advances in the study of its pathogenicity and prevention

Aguilar¹,

Ayala²,

Fierros-Zarate³

2001

Salud pública Méx

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Helicobacter pylori has acquired great importance during the last two decades, after being recognized as an important pathogen that infects a great portion of the human population. This microorganism is recognized as the main causal agent of chronic gastritis and duodenal ulcers, and it is associated with the subsequent development of gastric carcinoma. The pathogenic mechanisms of H. pylori and their relation to gastric ailments have not been clearly defined. However, at present it is well established that urease, vacuolating cytotoxin VacA, and the pathogenicity island (cag PAI) gene products, are the main factors of virulence of this organism. Thus, individuals infected with strains that express these virulence factors probably develop a severe local inflammation that may induce the development of peptic ulcer and gastric cancer. The way the infection spreads throughout the world suggests the possibility that there are multiple pathways of transmission. Due to the importance that H. pylori has acquired as a human pathogen, laboratories worldwide are attempting to develop a vaccine that confers long-term immunological protection against infection by this microorganism. Hence, the objective of this review is to present the most relevant findings of the biology of H. Pylori and its interaction with the human host. The full version of this paper is available too at: http:// www.insp.mx/salud/index.html ResumenHelicobacter pylori ha adquirido gran importancia durante las últimas dos décadas, al ser reconocido como un importante patógeno que infecta una gran porción de la población humana. Este microrganismo es reconocido como el principal agente que causa la gastritis crónica y la úlcera duodenal, además de que se ha asociado con el subsecuente desarrollo del carcinoma gástrico. Los mecanismos patogé-nicos de H. pylori y su relación con los padecimientos gás-tricos no se han definido en forma clara. Sin embargo, actualmente está bien establecido que la ureasa, la citotoxina vacuolizante VacA y los productos de los genes de la isla de patogenicidad (cag PAI) son los principales factores de virulencia de este organismo. Así, los individuos infectados con cepas que expresan dichos factores de virulencia, probablemente manifiesten una marcada inflamación local que podría inducir el desarrollo de úlcera péptica y cáncer gástri-co. La manera como la infección se propaga a nivel mundial sugiere la posibilidad de múltiples vías de transmisión. A consecuencia de la importancia que H. pylori ha adquirido como patógeno humano, los laboratorios del mundo se esfuerzan para desarrollar una vacuna que confiera protección inmunológica de larga duración contra la infección por este microorganismo. El objetivo de esta revisión es presentar los hallazgos más relevantes sobre la biología de H. pylori y su interacción con su huésped humano. El texto completo de este artículo también está disponible en:

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Section: Epidemiological Features Of the Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Vaccination Development For Clinical Use and Future Of The Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Helicobacter pylori: recent advances in the study of its pathogenicity and prevention

Aguilar¹,

Ayala²,

Fierros-Zarate³

2001

Salud pública Méx

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) are Gram-negative microaerophilic bactera, which selectively colonize the gastric mucosa of up to 50% of human beings worldwide (1). H. pylori causes peptic ulceration, non-ulcer dyspepsia, and is involved in the development of gastric adenocarcinoma and lymphoma (2).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

H. pylori Escape Host Immunoreaction Through Inhibiting ILK Expression by VacA

Yuan

Tao

et al. 2009

Cell Mol Immunol

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Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) persistently colonizes the gastric mucosa despite a vigorous immune response. Vacuolating cytotoxin secreted by H. pylori has turned out to be a potent immunomodulatory toxin, but the signal transduction pathways involved has not been studied in macrophages. We observed in this study that vacA-deficient H. pylori induced significantly higher expression of integrin-linked kinase (ILK) and endothelial nitric oxygen synthase (eNOS), and significantly more production of reactive oxygen species (

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“…The role of H. pylori in causing peptic ulcer disease had attracted greater attention. Indeed, this bacterium is categorized as a carcinogen Group I by the International Agency for Research on Cancer [1][2][3]. Significant differences among H. pylori strains geographically, by molecular characterization and disease outcome has shown strains from India are genetically different from those from East Asia to Western strains [4,5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Activity of Anisochilus Carnosus (L.F.) Wall Against the Human Gastric Pathogen Helicobacter Pylori

Shetty

Lobo

Kumar

et al. 2017

Asian J Pharm Clin Res

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Objective: The prevalence of Helicobacter pylori in India is high, and majority leads to severe gastrointestinal infections. Existing treatment regimens for H. pylori infections have increased failure rates and adverse side effects that desire the search for an effective substitute therapy. Anisochilus carnosus (L.f.) wall (Lamiaceae), a herb which grows once in a year at high elevation is used widely in traditional treatment for the complaints of gastric ulcer and skin diseases. The present study was performed to assess the antibacterial activity of A. carnosus (L.f.) wall, against clinical isolates of H. pylori in vitro. Methods:A. carnosus leaves were collected-dried and extracted with water and ethanol by cold maceration with ethanol by soxhlet method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of extracts was made and tested against 32 clinical and 1 reference strains of H. pylori. Results:A. carnosus (L.f.) wall inhibited the growth of most of the clinical H. pylori strains. The MIC of A. carnosus (L.f.) wall extracted by cold maceration (aqueous and ethanol) and Soxhlet apparatus (ethanol) ranged from 500 to 62.5 µg/ml, and the majority of the clinical H. pylori strains were inhibited at the MIC of 500 µg/ml of aqueous, ethanol, and Soxhlet ethanol extraction were 63.63%, 43.75%, and 71.87%, respectively. Conclusion:A. carnosus (L.f.) wall is an efficient inhibitor of H. pylori growth in vitro. A. carnosus (L.f.) wall revealed enormous therapeutic potential to H. pylori infection as it was extremely active in the suppression of H. pylori. Hence, it can be taken as a potential agent against several H. pylori linked gastric pathogenic progressions.

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Helicobacter pylori Virulence and Genetic Geography

Cited by 980 publications

References 76 publications

Helicobacter pylori: recent advances in the study of its pathogenicity and prevention

Helicobacter pylori: recent advances in the study of its pathogenicity and prevention

H. pylori Escape Host Immunoreaction Through Inhibiting ILK Expression by VacA

Antimicrobial Activity of Anisochilus Carnosus (L.F.) Wall Against the Human Gastric Pathogen Helicobacter Pylori

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