Hedera nepalensis K. Koch: A Novel Source of Natural Cancer Chemopreventive and Anticancerous Compounds

Abstract

Traditional medicinal plants are often used for both the prevention and the treatment of local diseases. Taking into consideration the medicinal importance of Hedera nepalensis within local Pakistani traditions, the present study was undertaken to analyze the in vitro cancer chemopreventive and cytotoxic properties of the plant. The in vitro cancer chemopreventive testing was performed using nitrite assay, NFκB assay, aromatase assay, and quinone reductase 1 (QR1) assay. The cytotoxic potential was evaluated on three cancer-cell lines: MCF-7, MDA-MB-231, and HeLa using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. The results of cancer chemopreventive assays show that n-hexane and ethyl acetate fractions of tested plant have promising cancer chemopreventive potential. Lupeol isolated from n-hexane as well as ethyl acetate fraction showed lowest IC50 (0.20 ± 1.9 μM) in NFκB assay. Crude extract and its fractions inhibited the growth of three cancer cell lines by more than 60%, IC50 value of lupeol varied from 2.32 to 10.2 μM. HPLC-DAD-based quantification of lupeol in different plant tissues demonstrated that leaves of H. nepalensis are a rich source of lupeol (0.196 mg/100 mg dry weight). Our data have shown that H. nepalensis harbors cancer chemopreventive and cytotoxic agents.

The protective potential of aFraxinus xanthoxyloidesethyl acetate fraction against CCl4-induced oxidative stress in the cardiac tissue of rats

“…Phenolic compounds act as good electron donors and have the potential to reduce the Fe 3+ ion to the Fe 2+ ion. In reducing the power assay, FXE and FXB demonstrated the highest reducing potential with 16.2 AE 3.1 and 16.7 AE 2.8 mg GAE per mg sample respectively which is again in agreement with Jafri et al 42 The substantial antiradical capability of the ethyl acetate fraction might be due to the elevated polyphenols quantities. 39 This is in agreement with preceding information reported by Sajid et al 43 who suggested that the medicinal plants possess avonoids and polyphenols and it is due to these that they show antioxidant abilities, as these antioxidants are well established for their radical scavenging activities.…”

“…This assay is quantitative and based upon the number of AAE (mg mg À1 of extract). In this investigation FXE showed the highest total antioxidant ability (26.3 AE 2.4 mg AAE per mg sample), which was also observed by Jafri et al, 42 reporting that the ethyl acetate fraction of the aerial parts of Hedera nepalensis possess signicant total antioxidant capabilities. Phenolic compounds act as good electron donors and have the potential to reduce the Fe 3+ ion to the Fe 2+ ion.…”

Red light controlled callus morphogenetic patterns and secondary metabolites production in Withania somnifera L.

“…For DPPH free radical scavenging activity, the described protocol of Abbasi et al [18] was used. The method of Jafri et al [19] was used for estimation of TAC and TRP. Briefly, 0.1 ml of callus extract was mixed with 1 ml of reaction mixture containing sulfuric acid (0.6 M), sodium phosphate (28 mM) and ammonium molybdate (4 mM) and incubated for 90 min in a water bath at 95 °C.…”

Medicinal Properties in the Diet of Tibetan Macaques at Mt. Huangshan: A Case for Self-Medication

“…A decoction is used to treat skin diseases. Significant cancer chemo-preventative and cytotoxic properties have been demonstrated (Jafri et al 2016). It is also reported to be an important folk medicine for the treatment of diabetes.…”