Heat Stress Tolerance 2 confers basal heat stress tolerance in allohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Abstract

Heat stress substantially reduces the yield potential of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), one of the most widely cultivated staple crops, and greatly threatens global food security in the context of global warming. Few studies have explored the heat stress tolerance (HST)-related genetic resources in wheat, however. Here, we identified and fine-mapped a wheat HST locus, TaHST2, which is indispensable for HST in both the vegetative and reproductive stages of the wheat life cycle. The genetic materials used in this study produced different grain morphologies under HS, based on which we mapped TaHST2 to a 485-kbp interval on chromosome arm 4DS. Under HS, TaHST2 confers a superior conversion rate from soluble sugars to starch in wheat grains, resulting in faster grain filling and a higher yield potential. A further exploration of genetic resources indicated that TaHST2 underwent a strong artificial selection during wheat domestication, suggesting it is an essential locus for basal HST in wheat. Our findings provide deeper insights into the genetic basis of wheat HST and might be useful for global efforts to breed HST cultivars.

Co‐expression network analysis of diverse wheat landraces reveals markers of early thermotolerance and a candidate master regulator of thermotolerance genes

“…Landrace varieties are a valuable source of both phenotypic and genetic diversity, through their adaptation to climates around the world and the lack of major genetic bottlenecks in their recent ancestry. The value of wheat landraces in the production of stress‐tolerant varieties has been exploited by some researchers to study the mechanisms underlying boron (Paull et al., 1992 ), heat (Zhang et al., 2022 ) and drought tolerance (Lin et al., 2019 ; Naderi et al., 2020 ), but global landrace collections remain largely underutilized in the study of abiotic stress tolerance in wheat. Here, we present the YoGI landrace panel, and its accompanying transcriptome data, as a resource for researchers and breeders to utilize in the production of stress‐tolerant wheat varieties, and the study of stress tolerance mechanisms in this crucial crop.…”

Morphological and physio-biochemical responses under heat stress in cotton: Overview

“…Crop outputs are primarily impacted by morphological processes of growth, which are affected by elevated temperatures [ 48 ]. Several crops grown for food, including cereals, are being demonstrated to be impacted by temperature-induced yield reduces, including tomato [ 14 ], maize [ 49 ], Arabidopsis thaliana [ 50 ], tobacco [ 16 ], wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) (R. [ 51 ]), rice (Q. [ 52 ]).…”

Genome-wide association study for seedling heat tolerance under two temperature conditions in bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

“…Thirty-three high-confidence stable QTL and three candidate genes, including TaELF3 , which enhanced the adaptability of accessions to heat stress, were discovered based on grain-related traits of spring wheat and the iSelect 90 K array [ 32 ]. Furthermore, two wheat HST loci, TaHST1 and TaHST2 , were fine-mapped to narrow intervals on chromosomes 4AL and 4DS, respectively, and were found to play crucial roles in maintaining wheat vegetative and reproductive growth under high temperature [ 33 , 34 ]. These loci have shown promising potential target for improving HST in wheat.…”