GemellaSpecies Bacteremia and Stroke in an Elderly Patient with Respiratory Tract Infection

Jayananda, Sriraksha; Gollol-Raju, Narasimha Swamy; Fadul, Nada

doi:10.1155/2017/1098527

Cited by 14 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…All studies were published between 1989 and 2019. The majority of studies were conducted in Europe and the UK [ 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 30 , 32 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 40 , 46 , 47 , 49 , 52 , 56 , 57 , 58 , 60 , 61 , 66 , 68 , 72 , 73 , 75 , 84 , 92 ] followed by North America [ 15 , 17 , 19 , 21 , 29 , 31 , 33 , 39 , 43 , 45 , 48 , 54 , 55 , 64 , 67 , 69 , 71 , 76 , 77 , 78 , 79 , 83 , 86 , 88 , 89 , 90 ] and Asia. [ 14 , 16 , 18 , 20 , 41 , 44 , 50 , 51 , 53 , 62 , 63 , 65 , 74 ,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[ 14 , 52 , 65 ] Two articles were missing either sex [ 14 ] or age [ 52 ] with regards to demographic characteristics. Fifteen case reports did not have satisfy the patient’s history and timeline criteria, [ 18 , 25 , 32 , 34 , 40 , 44 , 45 , 49 , 51 , 56 , 58 , 59 , 62 , 65 , 92 ] while five articles omitted details of intervention. [ 14 , 52 , 65 , 77 , 86 ] 71.4% of studies did not include the post-intervention clinical condition of the patients and/or adverse or unanticipated events.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Risk Factors and Patient Profile of Infective Endocarditis due to Gemella spp.

Kariyanna

Sutarjono²,

Ellanti

et al. 2020

AJMCR

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Background. The diagnosis of infective endocarditis is difficult, especially when it involves atypical organisms. Therefore, our study identified risk factors of infective endocarditis caused by rare pathogen, Gemella spp . Methods. A systematic review was conducted to investigate characteristics of endocarditis patients infected with Gemella spp. using the search term “ Gemella ” and “endocarditis.” Case reports were gathered by searching Medline/Pubmed, Google Scholar, CINAHL, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases. 83 articles were selected for review. Results. Five species of Gemella were identified. Typical patients were males between 31 and 45 years of age. On admission, patients had fever, tachycardia, and normal blood pressure. Common clinical manifestation other than fever included fatigue and weakness, chills and sweating, and nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, and weight changes. One in four reported a history of congenital heart disease, and a recent oral cavity infection. Laboratory tests reveal anemia, leukocytosis, and elevated erythrocyte sedimentation in all age groups, elevated C-reactive protein is observed among adult and geriatric populations only. Mitral and aortic valves were most commonly infected by Gemella spp. . The most common Gemella spp. -susceptible antibiotics were penicillin, vancomycin, cephalosporin, macrolide, and aminoglycosides. However, antibiotic resistance was observed against penicillin, aminoglycoside, and fluoroquinolone. Antibiotic course of at least six weeks resulted in superior clinical improvements than durations under six weeks. Finally, one in two patients underwent valve replacement or repair, with common complications affecting the cardiovascular, neurological, and renal systems. Finally, death occurred in 1 in 8 patients, half of which occurred post-surgical procedure, and the majority occurring equal to or greater than 1 week from admission. Conclusion. Our systematic review highlights the importance of considering rare pathogens, particularly in the presence of predisposing risk factors.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk Factors and Patient Profile of Infective Endocarditis due to Gemella spp.

Kariyanna

Sutarjono²,

Ellanti

et al. 2020

AJMCR

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“…Gemella sp. are facultative human bacterial pathogens, causing fatal infections related to IE both in pediatric and adult individuals (Purcell et al, 2001; Yang and Tsai, 2014; Jayananda et al, 2017). As sample 3 is a tissue sample taken from a patient suspected of having IE, it seems reasonable to find the Gemella sp.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparison of Three Different Bioinformatics Analyses of the 16S–23S rRNA Encoding Region for Bacterial Identification

et al. 2019

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Rapid and reliable identification of bacterial pathogens directly from patient samples is required for optimizing antimicrobial therapy. Although Sanger sequencing of the 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene is used as a molecular method, species identification and discrimination is not always achievable for bacteria as their 16S rRNA genes have sometimes high sequence homology. Recently, next generation sequencing (NGS) of the 16S–23S rRNA encoding region has been proposed for reliable identification of pathogens directly from patient samples. However, data analysis is laborious and time-consuming and a database for the complete 16S–23S rRNA encoding region is not available. Therefore, a better, faster, and stronger approach is needed for NGS data analysis of the 16S–23S rRNA encoding region. We compared speed and diagnostic accuracy of different data analysis approaches: de novo assembly followed by Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST), operational taxonomic unit (OTU) clustering, or mapping using an in-house developed 16S–23S rRNA encoding region database for the identification of bacterial species. De novo assembly followed by BLAST using the in-house database was superior to the other methods, resulting in the shortest turnaround time (2 h and 5 min), approximately 2 h less than OTU clustering and 4.5 h less than mapping, and a sensitivity of 80%. Mapping was the slowest and most laborious data analysis approach with a sensitivity of 60%, whereas OTU clustering was the least laborious approach with 70% sensitivity. Although the in-house database requires more sequence entries to improve the sensitivity, the combination of de novo assembly and BLAST currently appears to be the optimal approach for data analysis.

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“…and Ruminococcus gnavus (inflammatory bowel disease [55]), Clostridium clostridioforme (infection and antibiotic resistance [56]), Dorea and Dorea formicigenerans (obesity [57]), and the genus Bilophila (bile acid metabolism [15] and associated with colitis in mice [58]), Gemella (opportunistic pathogen related to infections [59]) and Actinomyces (infection [60]). On the other hand, the control diet decreased the relative abundance of some bacteria linked to beneficial health effects like the genus Lachnospira (associated with vegetable intake [61]) and…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cranberries attenuate animal-based diet-induced changes in microbiota composition and functionality: a randomized crossover controlled feeding trial

Rodríguez-Morató

Matthan

Liu

et al. 2018

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry

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Cranberries have multiple health effects but their impact on gut microbiota has not been examined in randomized controlled feeding trials. We evaluated the relationship between the microbiota and cranberries in the context of an animal-based diet. In a randomized, double-blind, cross-over, controlled design trial, 11 healthy adults consumed for 5 days each a control diet (animal-based diet plus 30 g/day placebo powder) and a cranberry diet (animal-based diet plus 30 g/day freeze-dried whole cranberry powder). The animal-based diet included meats, dairy products, and simple sugars. Stool, urine, and blood samples were obtained before and after each intervention phase. As compared to the pre-control diet, control diet modified 46 taxonomic clades, including an increase in the abundance of Firmicutes and decrease in Bacteroidetes. Moreover, it increased bacteria-derived deoxycholic acid and decreased acetate and butyrate in stool. As compared to the post-intervention phase of control diet, the cranberry diet modified 9 taxonomic clades, including a decrease in the abundance of Firmicutes and increase in Bacteroidetes. Further, the cranberry diet attenuated control diet-induced increase in secondary bile acids and decrease in short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and increased urinary anthocyanins and bacterially derived phenolic acids. No changes were found in fecal trimethylamine and plasma cytokines. In conclusion, an animal-based diet altered the microbiota composition to a less favorable profile, increased carcinogenic bile acids, and decreased beneficial SCFA. Cranberries attenuated the impact of the animal-based diet on microbiota composition, bile acids, and SCFA, evidencing their capacity to modulate the gut microbiota.

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GemellaSpecies Bacteremia and Stroke in an Elderly Patient with Respiratory Tract Infection

Cited by 14 publications

References 7 publications

Risk Factors and Patient Profile of Infective Endocarditis due to <i>Gemella spp.</i>

Risk Factors and Patient Profile of Infective Endocarditis due to <i>Gemella spp.</i>

A Comparison of Three Different Bioinformatics Analyses of the 16S–23S rRNA Encoding Region for Bacterial Identification

Cranberries attenuate animal-based diet-induced changes in microbiota composition and functionality: a randomized crossover controlled feeding trial

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