<i>Fusarium</i> species in declining wild apple forests on the northern slope of the Tian Shan Mountains in north‐western China

Cheng, Yuan; Zhao, Wenxia; Lin, Ruozhu; Yao, Yingkang; Yu, Shao-Shuai; Zhou, Zhongfu; Zhang, Xuechao; Gao, Yahui; Huai, Wenxia

doi:10.1111/efp.12542

Cited by 9 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 34 publications

(46 reference statements)

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“…According to the cluster analysis results, the genera Fusarium and Botrytis were detected in all parts of C. japonica , in agreement with the data of other research reports [ 16 , 17 , 53 , 54 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Diversity of Fungi Involved in Damage to Japanese Quince

Jakobija

Bankina

Klūga

et al. 2022

Plants

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In recent years, Japanese quince (Chaenomeles japonica) plantations in Latvia have increased. Interest in breeding Japanese quince is also known in other European countries and Russia. The occurrence and harmfulness of fungal diseases have become increasingly significant. However, there is a lack of overall information in the literature about the diversity of fungi afflicting C. japonica. In our study, we aimed to determine the diversity of fungi associated with C. japonica in Latvia, with the possibility of identifying the fungi that are most characteristically associated with certain parts of the plant. Our research was conducted from 2017 to 2019 in eight Japanese quince plantations in Latvia. Samples of plant parts with disease symptoms were collected. Pure cultures of fungi were obtained and identified using ITS region sequencing. We determined the relative density of identified genera of fungi, which were grouped using hierarchical cluster analysis depending on the plant part from which they were found. Various disease-like symptoms were observed and described. A total of 538 isolates of fungi were obtained that belong to 36 genera and represent different ecological niches. Fusarium, Alternaria, Botrytis, and Sarocladium were the genera most frequently found during our study. The number of identified cases of fungal genera differed depending on the part of the plant from which the fungi were obtained. However, it is not possible to relate a specific genus of fungus to only one certain part of a plant. Further research is needed to clarify the pathogenicity of detected fungi and the composition of species in the detected genera of fungi.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

The Diversity of Fungi Involved in Damage to Japanese Quince

Jakobija

Bankina

Klūga

et al. 2022

Plants

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“…Samples were collected in a chessboard‐type pattern on the north slope of the wild fruit forest of Xinyuan County in Xinjiang. A 100 m × 100 m area between 1,380 m and 1,450 m altitude was divided into 25 small sample plots of 20 m × 20 m. The latitude and longitude range of the wild fruit forests are 80°42′52″–83°37′17″E and 43°13′14″–44°26′28″N, respectively, and the altitudes of these sites are 1,100–1,500 m (Cheng et al, 2019 ; Zhou, Zhao, et al, 2020 ). This region has an annual average sunshine duration of 2898.4 h and an annual average temperature of 10.4°C (Kong et al, 2017 ; Wang, Zhang, Wei, et al, 2013 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity investigation by application of DNA barcoding: A case study of lepidopteran insects in Xinjiang wild fruit forests, China

Zhan¹,

Zheng²,

Xia³

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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To investigate the species diversity of lepidopteran insects in Xinjiang wild fruit forests, establish insect community monitoring systems, and determine the local species pool, we test the applicability of DNA barcoding based on cytochrome c oxidase subunit I ( COI ) gene for accurate and rapid identification of insect species. From 2017 to 2019, a total of 212 samples with ambiguous morphological identification were selected for DNA barcoding analysis. Five sequence‐based methods for species delimitation (ABGD, BINs, GMYC, jMOTU, and bPTP) were conducted for comparison to traditional morphology‐based identification. In total, 2,422 samples were recorded, representing 143 species of 110 genera in 17 families in Lepidoptera. The diversity analysis showed that the richness indices for Noctuidae was the highest (54 species), and for Pterophoridae, Cossidae, Limacodidae, Lasiocampidae, Pieridae, and Lycaenidae were the lowest (all with 1 species). The Shannon–Wiener species diversity index (H′) and Pielou's evenness (J′) of lepidopteran insects first increased and then decreased across these 3 years, while the Simpson diversity index showed a trend of subtracted then added. For molecular‐based identification, 67 lepidopteran species within 61 genera in 14 families were identified through DNA barcoding. Neighbor‐joining (NJ) analysis showed that conspecific individuals were clustered together and formed monophyletic groups with a high support value, except for Lacanobia contigua (Denis & Schiffermüller, 1775) (Noctuidae: Hadeninae). Sixty‐seven morphospecies were classified into various numbers of MOTUs based on ABGD, BINs, GMYC, jMOTU, and bPTP (70, 96, 2, 71, and 71, respectively). In Xinjiang wild fruit forests, the family with the largest number of species is Noctuidae, followed by Geometridae, Crambidae, and the remaining families. The highest Shannon diversity index is observed for the family Noctuidae. Our results indicate that the distance‐based methods (ABGD and jMOTU) and character‐based method (bPTP) outperform GMYC. BINs is inclined to overestimate species diversity compared to other methods.

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“…Affected trees show higher canopy loss, branch dieback, bark and cambium necrosis, and growth reduction. Similar to other countries in Central Asia, several abiotic and biotic factors negatively affect the health status of wild apple forests in China [7], including environmental and climate impacts, insect pests, cambium feeders such as Agrilus mali Matsumura, and infection by pathogenic fungi [8][9][10][11][12][13] (Figure 1). The presence of Phytophthora species in forests and natural ecosystems is considered to be an important biotic factor responsible for the decline, dieback, and mortality of trees [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytophthora Species from Xinjiang Wild Apple Forests in China

Huai

Hamiti³

et al. 2019

Forests

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Phytophthora species are well-known destructive forest pathogens, especially in natural ecosystems. The wild apple (Malus sieversii (Ledeb.) Roem.) is the primary ancestor of M. domestica (Borkh.) and important germplasm resource for apple breeding and improvement. During the period from 2016 to 2018, a survey of Phytophthora diversity was performed at four wild apple forest plots (Xin Yuan (XY), Ba Lian (BL), Ku Erdening (KE), and Jin Qikesai (JQ)) on the northern slopes of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang, China. Phytophthora species were isolated from baiting leaves from stream, canopy drip, and soil samples and were identified based on morphological observations and the rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence analysis. This is the first comprehensive study from Xinjiang to examine the Phytophthora communities in wild apple forests The 621 resulting Phytophthora isolates were found to reside in 10 different Phytophthora species: eight known species (P. lacustris being the most frequent, followed by P. gonapodyides, P. plurivora, P. gregata, P. chlamydospora, P. inundata, P. virginiana, and P. cactorum) and two previously unrecognized species (P. sp. CYP74 and P. sp. forestsoil-like). The highest species richness of Phytophthora occurred at BL, followed by XY. P. lacustris was the dominant species at BL, XY, and JQ, while P. gonapodyides was the most common at KE. In the present paper, the possible reasons for their distribution, associated implications, and associated diseases are discussed.

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Fusarium species in declining wild apple forests on the northern slope of the Tian Shan Mountains in north‐western China

Cited by 9 publications

References 34 publications

The Diversity of Fungi Involved in Damage to Japanese Quince

The Diversity of Fungi Involved in Damage to Japanese Quince

Diversity investigation by application of DNA barcoding: A case study of lepidopteran insects in Xinjiang wild fruit forests, China

Phytophthora Species from Xinjiang Wild Apple Forests in China

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